英语国际音标及语法基础.docVIP

48个英语国际音标 英语一共有48个音标，其中有20个元音，28个辅音[b?b] [da?t?] : “[pli?z] [k??l] [stel?]. [ɑ?sk] [h??] [tu?][br??] [ei?z] [θ??z] [w?e] [h??] BOB DOUGHTY: Please call Stella. Ask her to bring these things with her [fr?m] [e?] [st??]: [s?ks] [spu?ns] [?v] [fre?] [sn??] [pi?s], [fa?v] [θ?k] [sl?bs] [?v] [blu?] [t?i?z] from the store: Six spoons of fresh snow peas, five thick slabs of blue cheese, ?[?nd] [me?bi?][?] [sn?k] [f??]?[h??][br?e?] [b?b]. [wi?][??ls??] [ni?d] [?] [sm??l] [pl?st?k] [sne?k] and maybe a snack for her brother Bob. We also need a small plastic snake ?[?nd] [?] [b?g] [t??] [fr?g] [f??]?[e?] [k?dz].?[?i?][k?n] [sku?p] [ei?z] [θ??z] [?nt?] [θri?][red] [b?gs] and a big toy frog for the kids.She can scoop these things into three red bags, ?[?nd] [wi?][w?l] [g??] [mi?t] [h??][wenzde?] [?t] [e?] [tre?n] [ste??(?)n].” and we will go meet her Wednesday at the train station. Bob Doughty：“请致电斯特拉，让她从商店购买这些东西：六匙新鲜荷兰豆，五大块蓝纹奶酪，有可能再给她弟弟鲍勃买点小吃。我们还需要给小孩们买一条塑料小蛇和一个玩具大青蛙。她可以把这些东西装进3个红色袋子里，我们周三将去火车站接她。”,就是动作的执行者,一般都是名词,有时是用一个句子来作主语,这种情况叫做主语从句.? 例如:He?teaches?English.He?is?a?teacher.He就是主语.? 谓语,就是行为动词,而行为动词又包括,连系动词,实义动词.? 表语,就是表明主语的身分,性质特点,如上面的例子,teacher就是表语,表明主语he是一个老师.表语是用在连系动词后面的,一起构成系表结构.? 宾语,就是动作的承担者.例如上面的English就是动词teach的承担者.? 直接宾语和间接宾语是指一些词可以加双宾语时而言的!?例如give?,有句型give?sb.?sth.和give?sth.?to?sb.?这种情况下,sb是间接宾语,sth,是直接宾语.简记为:直间两个宾,间宾在后,to?领先.? 宾语补足语,就是补充说明宾语的状态特征.?例如;We?call?him?Tom.我们叫他汤姆,Tom就是him?的补足语.? 主语补足语是补充说明主语的形态特征.?例如The?deer?was?caught?alive. 那只鹿被活捉,alive就是主语deer的补足语,说明这只鹿还是活的.? 定语,就是形容词或者相当于形容词的词来修饰名词.?例如:She?is?a?beautiful?girl.beautiful就是girl的定语.? 状语,就是句子的枝叶,用来补充说明其时间,地点,条件,程度等.?I?get?up?at?6:30.?at?6:30就是一个时间状语.? 句子是文章的基础，无论多长的文章都是由一个一个的句子组成的。 运用的基本结构可以分为五个类型。 主语+系动词+表语（S+V+P） 例如：She is a student. （身份） He has become an engineer It tastes sweet. They are in the classroom 这种句子的动词是系动词，其后的表语表示主语的身份，特征或者状态。英语中可用作系动词的数量很少，最常用的是be的各种变化形式，初学者比较容易用错的是其他的系动词，如become，turn，look，seem，appear，sound，taste，smell，remain，prove，keep，fall等。 主语+动词（S+V） 例如：water flows. He is read