‘黄冠’梨正常试管苗与玻璃化苗生理生化及超微结构的比较研究.pdfVIP

园 艺 学 报 2011 ，38 （2 ）：225 –232 http: // www. ahs. ac. cn Acta Horticulturae Sinica E-mail: yuanyixuebao@126.com ‘黄冠’梨正常试管苗与玻璃化苗生理生化及超 微结构的比较研究 * 常有宏 ，张玉娇，李晓刚，蔺 经，杨青松，王中华，王宏伟 （江苏省农业科学院园艺研究所，南京 210014 ） 摘 要：以正常和玻璃化‘黄冠’梨试管苗为试材进行组培快繁、生理生化及组织结构比较研究。 结果表明：玻璃化苗较正常苗增殖能力显著降低，增殖出的试管苗仍为玻璃化苗，并且玻璃化程度加重； 干物质积累较正常苗低 31.3%，淀粉含量低 29.57% ，而可溶性糖含量高 13.92%；叶绿素 a、叶绿素 b 及 叶绿素总含量分别降低 40.16% 、43.24%和 39.52% ；ZR 、IAA 、GA 含量，GA/IAA 和 ZR/IAA 均高于正 常苗，而 ZR/GA 显著低于正常苗；叶绿体数量减少、体积变小、类囊体叠跺不整齐，细胞核畸形或缺失。 碳水化合物含量较低、激素代谢紊乱、光合结构破坏及细胞核物质减少是梨玻璃化苗的重要特征，可能 是后代增殖能力显著降低的主要因素。 关键词：梨；增殖；玻璃化；生理生化；超微结构 中图分类号：S 661.2 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0513-353X （2011 ）02-0225-08 Comparative Study on Physiological and Biochemical Characteristic and Ultra-structure in Normal and Hyperhydric Shoots in Vitro of ‘Huangguan ’Pear * CHANG You-hong ，ZHANG Yu-jiao ，LI Xiao-gang ，LIN Jing ，YANG Qing-song ，WANG Zhong-hua ， and WANG Hong-wei （Institute of Horticulture ，Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences ，Nanjing 210014 ，China） Abstract ：In vitro shoots of ‘Huangguan ’pear （Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai ）were selected as materials. Characteristics of propagation，physiology ，biochemistry and ultra-structure were compared between normal and hyperhydric shoots. The results showed that proliferation ability of hyperhydric shoots was significantly lower than that of the normal shoots，the proliferated shoots derived from hyperhydric shoots were still hyperhydric and the degree of hyperdricity was increased. Compared to the normal shoots ，the dry matter accumulation and starch content of hyperhydric shoots were decreased by 31.3% and 29.57% respectively ，while the soluble sugar content increased by 13.92%. In addit