大蒜白腐病抗性鉴定方法研究.pdfVIP

园 艺 学 报 2011 ，38 （3 ）：587 –592 http: // www. ahs. ac. cn Acta Horticulturae Sinica E-mail: yuanyixuebao@126.com 大蒜白腐病抗性鉴定方法研究 * 梁 静，程智慧，孟焕文 ，柴喜荣，禹 坷，李 威 （西北农林科技大学园艺学院，陕西杨凌 712100 ） 摘 要：以汉中红皮蒜（抗病）和改良蒜（感病）为鉴别品种，对大蒜抗白腐病鉴定中的接种叶龄、 接种部位、接种后培养温度及调查时期等进行研究。结果表明，苗期白腐病菌通过伤口和自然孔口均可浸 染大蒜植株，而花芽鳞芽分化期通过伤口侵入。抗病性鉴定最适接种叶龄为 6 叶期，离体接种法较活体接 种法更简便快捷。离体接种鉴定时叶面接种和叶背接种鉴定结果无显著性差异；接种后最适培养温度为 18 ℃，最适调查时期为接种后 7 ~ 8 d 。以G005 （抗病）、G023 （感病）和G025 （感病）大蒜为验证品 种，离体接种鉴定结果显示，建立的大蒜白腐病抗病性鉴定方法可行，能反映品种的真实抗性。 关键词：大蒜；白腐病；抗性鉴定；离体接种；活体接种 中图分类号：S 633.4 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0513-353X （2011 ）03-0587-06 Protocol Establishment for Evaluation of Resistance of Garlic to White Rot （Sclerotium cepivorum Berk. ） * LIANG Jing ，CHENG Zhi-hui，MENG Huan-wen ，CHAI Xi -rong，YU Ke ，and LI Wei （College of Horticulture，Northwest A F University ，Yangling，Shaanxi 712100，China） Abstract ：A resistant garlic cultivar Hanzhong Red Skin （R ）and a susceptible cultivar Gailiang （S ） were employed to establish a protocol involved in evaluation of resistance of garlic to white rot （Sclerotium cepivorum Berk. ）. Results showed that at seedling stage the pathogen was able to infect garlic plants through both the wound and the natural orifices ，while at flower bud differentiation stage it invaded the plants mainly through the wound. The plants with 6-week-leaf age were recognized as the best time for inoculation. In vitro inoculation was much simple and efficient ，compared with in vivo inoculation. There was no significant difference in disease evaluation between leaf face inoculation and leaf back inoculation. The optimal incubation temperature and time for disease-resistant evaluation after inocula