外科营养讲稿-培训课件.pptVIP

* 1、营养不良会增加手术患者的各种风险已经得到大家的共识。 2、经过大家的临床实践，及时的营养支持能减少营养不良对患者伤口愈合，感染等的影响，从而减少了住院费用。 * 1、准确的营养不良危险评价，对决定患者的营养支持方案有指导意义。 * * Calorie-to-nitrogen ratios can be used to prevent lean body mass from being utilized as a source of energy. Therefore, in the non-stressed patient, less protein is necessary to maintain muscle as compared to the severely stressed patient. Nitrogen balance can be affected by the biological value of the protein as well as by growth, caloric balance, sepsis, surgery, activity (bed rest and lack of muscle use can promote nitrogen excretion), and by renal function. * Glutamin