Sexual Dimorphism of Head Size in Phrynocephalus przewalskii: Testing the Food Niche Divergence Hypothesis.pdfVIP

Sexual Dimorphism of Head Size in Phrynocephalus przewalskii: Testing the Food Niche Divergence Hypothesis.pdf

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Sexual Dimorphism of Head Size in Phrynocephalus przewalskii: Testing the Food Niche Divergence Hypothesis

AsianHerpetologicalResearch2013,4(4):242-247 D0I:10.3724/SPJ.1245.2013.00242 SexualDimorphism of TestingtheFoodNicheDivergenceHypothesis WeiZHAOandNaifaLIU SchooloilfieSciences,LanzhouUniversity,Lanzhou730000,Gansu,China AbstractSexualsizedimoprhism (SSD)1sageneralphenomenoninlizards,andcanevolvethroughsexualselection ornaturalselection.Butnaturalselection,whichwasthoughttooperatemainlythroughreducingthecompetitionbe— tweenthetwosexes(nichedivergencehypothesis),gaverisetoalotofcontroversy.Wetestedthenichedivergence hypothesisinthetoad—headedlizardPhrynocephalusprzewalskiibycomparingdietcompositionandpreysizesbetween malesandfemales.Thespecieswasfoundtobesexualdimoprhic,withmaleshavingrelativelylargersnout-ventlength, headwidth,headlength,andtaillength,whilefemaleshaverelativelylargerabdomenlength.Basedonanalysisof93 sutdiedstomachs,atotalof1359preyitemswereidentified.Themostcommonpreyitemswereformicid,lygaeidand tenebrionid.Thetwosexesdidnotdifferintherelativeproportionsofpreysizecategoriestheyconsumedandthedietary overlapbasedonpreyspecieswashigh(O=0.989).Inaddition,themealsize,thevolumeoranymaximaldimension ofthelargestpreyitem inthestomachwasnotexplainedbythesexes.Accordingtoourresults,foodnichedivergence mightnotplayanimportantroleintheSSD evolutionofPprzewalskii. KeywordsPhrynocephalusprzewalskii,sexualsizedimoprhism ,nichedivergence,foodcomposition,preysize 1.Introduction reducingfood competitionbetweenthesexeswhen consideringnichedivergence(Schoener,1967).In Sexualsizedimoprhism (SSD)isageneralphenomenon reptiles,headsizedeterminesthegapsizeandthusthe inanimalsand isthoughtto evolvethrough severa1 sizeofthepotentialprey.Thisisevidentinspecieswhich selectionpressures(Coxeta1.,2003,2007;Hedrickand swallow thewholepreysuchassnakes(Vincenteta1., T6meles.1989).Sexualheadsizedimoprhismiscommon 2004).Moreover.sexualdivergenceinrelativehea

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