病理学局循障碍2013秋五年制3-1.pptVIP

* Esophageal varices resulting from portal hypertension caused by cirrhosis of the liver. With high pressure, varices ruptures readily. * Seen here is the anus and perianal region with prominent prolapsed true hemorrhoids. Chronic constipation, chronic diarrhea, pregnancy, and portal hypertension enhance hemorrhoid formation. Hemorrhoids can itch and bleed slowly(usually bright red blood, during defaecation). * 骨骼肌肉系统：主要有四肢细长，蜘蛛指（趾），双臂平伸指距大于身长，双手下垂过膝，下半身比上半身长。长头畸形、面窄、高腭弓、耳大且低位。皮下脂肪少，肌肉不发达，胸、腹、臂皮肤皱纹。肌张力低，呈无力型体质。韧带、肌腱及关节囊伸长、松弛，关节过度伸展。有时见漏斗胸、鸡胸、脊柱后凸、脊柱侧凸、脊椎裂等。  　　2.眼：主要有晶体状脱位或半脱位、高度近视、白内障、视网