英语语言学 练习题(含答案)).docxVIP

Ⅰ.?Decide?whether?each?of?the?following?statements?is?True?or?False:1.?Linguistics?is?generally?defined?as?the?scientific?study?of?language.2.?Linguistics?studies?particular?language,?not?languages?in?general.3.?A?scientific?study?of?language?is?based?on?what?the?linguist?thinks.?4.?In?the?study?of?linguistics,?hypotheses?formed?should?be?based?on?language?facts?and?checked?against?the?observed?facts.?5.?General?linguistics?is?generally?the?study?of?language?as?a?whole.?6.?General?linguistics,?which?relates?itself?to?the?research?of?other?areas,?studies?the?basic?concepts,?theories,?descriptions,?models?and?methods?applicable?in?any?linguistic?study.?7.?Phonetics?is?different?from?phonology?in?that?the?latter?studies?the?combinations?of?the?sounds?to?convey?meaning?in?communication.?8.?Morphology?studies?how?words?can?be?formed?to?produce?meaningful?sentences.?9.?The?study?of?the?ways?in?which?morphemes?can?be?combined?to?form?words?is?called?morphology.?10.?Syntax?is?different?from?morphology?in?that?the?former?not?only?studies?the?morphemes,?but?also?the?combination?of?morphemes?into?words?and?words?into?sentences.?11.?The?study?of?meaning?in?language?is?known?as?semantics.?12.?Both?semantics?and?pragmatics?study?meanings.?13.?Pragmatics?is?different?from?semantics?in?that?pragmatics?studies?meaning?not?in?isolation,?but?in?context.?14.?Social?changes?can?often?bring?about?language?changes.?15.?Sociolinguistics?is?the?study?of?language?in?relation?to?society.?16.?Modern?linguistics?is?mostly?prescriptive,?but?sometimes?descriptive.?17.?Modern?linguistics?is?different?from?traditional?grammar.18.?A?diachronic?study?of?language?is?the?description?of?language?at?some?point?in?time.?19.?Modern?linguistics?regards?the?written?language?as?primary,?not?the?written?language.?20.?The?distinction?between?competence?and?performance?was?proposed?by?F.?de?Saussure.Ⅱ.?Fill?in?each?of?the?following?blanks?with?one?word?which?begins?with?the?letter?given:?21.?Chomsky?defines?“com