石油的来源(国外英文资料).docVIP

石油的来源(国外英文资料) Biological oil theory oil The [1] study shows that oil production takes at least two million years, and the oldest known reservoir is 500 million years old. During the long history of the earths evolution, there were special periods, such as the Paleozoic and Mesozoic, and large Numbers of plants and animals died. The organic matter that forms its body is broken down, and it is mixed with materials such as sand or carbonated sediment. Because the sediments are piling up, Rising temperature and pressure, with the process of ongoing, sediments into sedimentary rocks, and sedimentary basin, it is for the production of oil provides the basic geological environment. Most geologists believe that oil, like coal and natural gas, is formed by the gradual compression and heat of ancient organic matter. According to the theory, oil was formed by changes in the bodies of prehistoric sea animals and algae. (land plants generally form coal.) After a long period of geological time, the organisms were mixed with silt, buried under thick sedimentary rocks. Under the underground heat and pressure, they are gradually transformed, The first form of the wax is formed from the oil shale, which then degrades into liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons. Because these hydrocarbons are lighter than nearby rocks, they penetrate into the surrounding rocks until they penetrate tightly and cannot penetrate. In itself, the layers are empty. Such a gathering of oil forms an oil field. Oil can be obtained from oil fields by drilling and pumping. Geologists refer to the temperature range of oil as a oil window. The temperature is too low for oil to form, The temperature is too high for natural gas. Although the depth of oil formation varies from place to place, the typical depth is four to six kilometers. The actual oil fields may be much shallower because the oil is still seeping into other layers of rock. Therefore, there are three conditions for the formation of oil fields: rich source roc