Lecture3加词法.pptVIP

Amplification in Translation A good translation, generally speaking, is a bit longer than the original primarily because translators must faithfully turn the obvious form of the original language into the target language, and at the same time, must convey what is implied in the original context. A translator must, sometimes, add something to the original in his translation to give explanations, and translation is thus lengthened, form changed, but the meaning of the original remains unchanged, and it is only adapted to capability of readers. Amplification can be classified as: 1) Words supplied for syntactic construction(结构性增补） 2) Words supplied for semantic completion (语义性增补） 1.人民犯了法，也要受处罚，也要坐班房，也有死刑。 When (syntactic construction） anyone among the people（semantic completion） breaks the law, he too should be punished, imprisoned or even sentenced to death./ Whoever breaks the law will be punished, imprisoned or even sentenced to death. 2. 其实地上本来没有路，走的人多了，也便成了路。 For actually the earth had no roads to begin with, but when many men pass one way, a road is made. 3. You got a prejudice all right---against a race that’s black. That’s why I called you white racist that night. But when you deal with a black person, I don’t feel any bad vices. 你这个人确有偏见。你（结构性增补）对整个（语义性）黑人种族抱有偏见（结构性）。那天晚上，我说你是个白人种族主义者，道理就在这里。但是当你跟一个具体的（语义性）黑人打交道时，我倒不（修辞性）觉得你有什么恶意。 4.My audiences vary from tens to thousands. I expected opposition but got hardly any. 我的听众从几十人到几千人不等，我希望有持异议的人起来跟我辩论（语义性），但几乎没有遇到过。 5. I remember the first time we talked as woman to woman. 我还记得我们之间那第一次女人之间的知心会意（结构性）的谈话。 结构性增补 1. 增加代词或名词 1) 要有把握，就要有准备，而且要有充分的准备。 To ensure success, one must be prepared, and fully prepared at that. 2) 她用手蒙住脸，好像是为了保护眼睛。 She covered her face with her hand, as if to protect her eyes. 3) 把这些故事看完以后，用你自己的话讲一遍。 After you have read these stories, tell them in your own words. 4）.Mary washed for a living after her husband died of acute pneumonia. 玛丽在丈夫患急性肺炎去世后，就靠洗衣服维持生活。(不及物动词后加名词） 5）. A new kind of airc