四川大学操作系统课件Chapter12.ppt

* Indexed allocation (索引分配) File allocation table contains a separate one-level index for each file (每个文件在文件分配表中有一个一级索引) The file allocation table contains block number for the index (文件分配表指向该文件在磁盘上的索引块) The index has one entry for each portion allocated to the file (分配给文件的每个分区都在索引中都有一个表项) Indexed allocation supports both sequential and direct access to the file and thus is the most popular form of file allocation. * Indexed allocation * Indexed allocation * 12.6 Secondary Storage Management 12.6.1 File Allocation 12.6.2 Free Space Management 12.6.3 Reliability * Free Space Management Bit tables (位表) Use a vector containing one bit for each block on the disk. Each entry of a 0 corresponds to a free block, and each 1 corresponds to a block in use. Chained free portions (链式空闲区) The free portions may be chained together by using a pointer and length value in each free portion Indexing (空闲索引表) Free block list (空闲列表) * 12.6 Secondary Storage Management 12.6.1 File Allocation 12.6.2 Free Space Management 12.6.3 Reliability * 12.6.3 Reliability Use a lock to prevent interfere among processes and make sure of consistent of space allocation * 12.3 File Directories 12.3.1 Contents 12.3.2 Structure 12.3.3 Naming * File Directories Contains information about files Attributes (属性) Location (位置) Ownership (所有者) Directory itself is a file owned by the operating system(一个目录本身是一个文件) Provides mapping between file names and the files themselves(提供文件名和文件之间的映射) * 12.3 File Directories 12.3.1 Contents 12.3.2 Structure 12.3.3 Naming * Simple Structure for a Directory (简单目录结构) Represented by a simple sequential file with the name of the file serving as the key (用顺序文件代表目录，该目录下的文件名做该顺序文件的关键字) Forces user to be careful not to use the same name for two different files (文件不能重名) * Two-level Scheme for a Directory(两级目录方案) A master directory (主目录) One directory for each user (用户目录) Master directory contains entry for each user Provides address and access control information Each user directory i