定语从句基础知识讲解.ppt

定语从句;;;Attributive Clause/Relative Clause 概念 在复合句中，修饰某一名词（短语）或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词（antecedent)。 ;注意： 1 关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中都要 充当句子成分。 2 当关系代词充当动词的宾语时可省略，当关系代词充当介词的宾语且介词不在关系代词之前的，关系代词也可省略。 3 定语从句中的谓语动词要和先行词保持一致。 4 定语从句分为限制性和非限制性两种。 5 非限制性定语从句中的关系词不可以省略。;6.Antecedent的含义：;; 关系词的作用： 1、连接作用 把主句和从句连接起来（可以从句子之间有连词来理解） 2、替代作用 在从句中代替在它前面 的先行词 3、成分作用 在从句中充当一个成分（区分定语从句和同位语从句）;Titanic is the ship ___________sank after hitting an iceberg.;Zhang Guorong is a pop star______ died in the fall in March, 2003.;Beijing is the city has got the chance to host the 2008 Olympic Games.;Ye Xin is a nurse died in the fight against SARS. ;定语从句的分分合合;{;; Do you know the man whose name is Wang Yu? → Do you know the man the name of whom is Wang Yu ? Mary lives in the house whose roof is red. → Mary lives in the house the roof of which is red.;Which house is mine?;;;二、Which引导的定语从句。 which在从句做主语或谓语动词和介词的宾语。 The building which stands near the river is our school. This is the book (which) you want. The room in which there is a machine is a workshop.; 注意： ① whom, which 作介词宾语时，介词一般可放在关系代词之前，也可放在原来的位置上；但是在含有介词的动词固定词组(?)中，介词只能放在原来的位置上。 This is the person whom you are looking for.; ② which引导的非限制性定语从句。 I have lost my pen, which I like very much. She was awarded a gold medal, which the whole family considered a great honor. She is always late for class, which makes the teacher angry.;三、由that引导的定语从句。 that在从句中可以指人或物，在从句中做主语或谓语动词的宾语。 A plane is a machine that can fly. (主语) The letter that I received was from my father.（宾语） 但不能放在介词后面作介词的宾语。 This is the school in that you will study. ( × ) This is the school in which you will study. (√) This is the school (which/that) you will study in. (√);★注意 在下面几种情况下必须用that引导定语从句。 ⑴ 先行词是不定代词all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything 等。 All that we have to do is to practise every day. Something that we heard was of great truth. 当先行词是all, every