液态融冰雪剂洒布机设计及洒布性能的分析.pdf

The Design and Analysis of Spraying Performance on Sprayer for Liquid Deicing and Snow-melting Agent A Dissertation Submitted for the Degree of Master Candidate：Yan Qingqing Supervisor：Prof. Yao Yunshi Chang’an University, Xi’an, China 摘 要 液态融冰雪剂作为一种新型环保融冰雪剂涂层，其高效的融冰雪效果、较长的使用 周期和低成本，使其在道路养护市场有很广阔的前景。课题组在对国内外融冰雪剂洒布 及其相关技术发展状况、存在问题及其研究成果分析的基础上，提出了一种液体融雪剂 洒布系统。由于使用季节的局限性，出于节约成本的考虑，将工作装置与行驶装置分离， 做成车载式洒布机。本文针对该洒布机主要做以下几点研究。 （1）借鉴已有的先进技术，对融冰雪剂洒布机进行结构设计和动力系统选型。结构 设计包括搅拌系统、输送系统、喷洒系统和机架设计，动力系统选型包括搅拌用电动机 与减速器、输送泵、空压机和独立于载车的发电机选型。 （2 ）分析了纵向洒布均匀度影响因素，并提出控制策略。结合洒布机动力特性，选 择基于输送泵转速的流量控制方式，提出控制纵向洒布均匀度的方案，并对控制系统进 行软件设计和硬件设计。软件设计主要以设计思路为主，以流程图的形式表达，并对关 键子程序进行详细分析，硬件设计包括控制模块、人机交互模块、通信模块的设计。 （3 ）运用欧拉法分析输送管路流量、过流断面的平均流速变化、管路沿程损失和三 种管路局部损失，并对横向洒布均匀度的影响因素进行分析。结合理论分析结果，运用 ANSYS FLUENT 软件对输送管路和喷洒系统进行流场仿真，分析横向洒布均匀性，提 出改进意见，并验证改进意见的合理性。 关键词：液态融冰雪剂，洒布机，横向洒布均匀性，纵向洒布均匀性，FLUENT 仿 真 i Abstract As a new kind of environmental coating, liquid deicing and snow-melting agent has a broad prospect in pavement maintenance market for its good effect of melting ice and snow, long life cycle and lower cost. Based on the development, the existing problems and research findings of domestic and foreign on the sprayer for liquid deicing and snow-melting agent, a spraying system of liquid deicing and snow-melting agent was put forward. Due to usage limitation and cost, the working device was separated by the driving device, which was named as vehicle-mounted sprayer. The following researchs were mainly analyzed in this thesis. Drawing lesson from the existing advanced technology, the structure and dynamical system of the sprayer f