科技英语写作unit 6.ppt

Unit 6 Textual Development Topical Highlights: 1. Description: objective description, subjective description, general requirements for research description. 2. Logical Development: developing by chronological sequence, developing by investigation procedures, developing the research from Abstract to Concrete, developing the research from Concrete to Abstract, developing by using other logical sequencing 3. Reasoning (Persuasion) 4. Special Attention: sentence structure (2) -- short form sentences led byas; present, past and present perfect tenses, passive voice, subjunctive mood, etc. No professional paper is purely theoretical or experimental. In fact, there is no clear demarcation(distinction) between the two types of research papers. However, there do exist different emphases and distinctive features in papers of theoretical nature and these of experimental nature. In this unit and the unit that follows, the two different types of papers will be discussed separately. 1. Description 1) Objective Description In most cases, when a professional author writes his research papers, he has to take an objective approach instead of a subjective one, because in his professional research, he has to focus on the object he is portraying rather than on his personal reactions to it. All the related situations require a precise description of the conditions or processes his research involves. And in such cases his goal is to supply information -- to build up as accurate a picture as he can for his readers. Of course, objectivity is an ideal that scientists, engineers or technologists aim at but never achieve fully. Anyhow, they have to select desirable details and eliminate others, though they can hardly be completely objective. In the following passage, N. M. Pearsall et al. have given an objective description of UK and US city centers in terms of the factors of most influence on the potential generation of electricity by photo voltaic modules i