基本句型与翻译.ppt

汉语基本句型的翻译 英语的基本句型 SV (intransitive verb)Iron rusts. SVC (linking verb)The man is a teacher. SVO (monotransitive verb)Liverpool won the game. SVoO (ditransitive verb)I sent him a telegram. SVOC (complex transitive verb) They elected him president. （陈宏薇 p151 “八种”） 1.主谓单句 1. 防止主语机械对应 南京近几年发生了巨大变化。 There have been great changes…Great changes have taken place…These years have witnessed (seen) great changes…Nanjing has been crackling with the dynamics of changes… 这个地区多雨。 It rains a lot in this area.People have much rain in this area.This area sees much rain.There is much rain in this area. 主谓单句 防止谓语机械对应 你们要搞调查研究。 You should do some investigation and study. 别搞那么多菜了。 Don’t cook so many dishes. 这家企业是由一个个体户搞起来的。 This enterprise was started by a self-employed worker. 你们把事情搞糟了。 You have made a mess of things. 他思想搞通了，精神也愉快了。 Once he straightened out his ideas, he became cheerful again. 你搞什么鬼？ What tricks are you playing? 他身体搞垮了。 He has ruined his health. 他是搞法律的。 He is in the law. 2.无主句 汉语祈使句 请打开窗户！ 你的车票！ 无主句 汉语含有号召、要求、规定等意味 为建设一个社会主义强国而奋斗。 Strive to build a great socialist country. 军校每天夜里都要有一名军官值班。 There must be one officer on night duty in military academy. 要警惕“右”和“左”的影响，特别是“左”的根深蒂固的影响。 It is necessary/important/imperative to be on guard against the influence of both the Right and the Left deviations, particularly against the deep-rooted “Left” influence. 无主句 汉语是叙事或论理 认识落后，才能去改变落后。学习先进，才有可能赶超先进。 Backwardness must be perceived before it can be changed. A person must learn from the advanced before he can catch up and surpass them. (Only when…can he) 不入虎穴，焉得虎子？ If one does not enter the tiger’s den, how can he get a tiger’s cub? 学而时习之，不亦说乎？有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎？ Is it not a pleasure after all to practice in due time what one has learnt? Is it not a delight after all to have friends come from afar? 无主句 上文出现过的或出现在对话中的人和物。 年景不好，柴米又贵；几件旧衣服和旧家具，当的当了，卖的卖了；只靠着我替人家做些针线活寻来的钱，如何供得起你读书？ ----《儒林外史》 Times are hard, and fuel and rice a