第二 三单元 基本构词法.ppt

English Lexicology(II) * 1. Shortening TOEFL IELTS FIFA PETS Radar Test of English as a Foreign Language International English Language Testing System The North Atlantic Treaty Organization Federation International Football Association 国际足球联盟 Public English Test System Radio detecting and ranging Write out in full the following acronyms English Lexicology(II) * 1. Shortening Types of shortening or abbreviation 4）Blending Blending（拼缀法）is a process of word-formation in which a new word is formed by combining parts of two words. The result of such a process is called a blend or telescopic word（混成词） or portmanteau word（行囊词). Blending is thus a process of both compounding and abbreviation. English Lexicology(II) * Examples newscast (news＋broadcast) brunch (breakfast＋lunch) smog (smoke＋fog) talkathon (talk＋marathon) 冗长的讨论/演说 slimnastics (slim＋gymnastics) videophone ( video ＋telephone) English Lexicology(II) * sci-fi hi-fi workaholic stagflation Unicom sitcom motel science＋fiction high＋fidelity work＋alcoholic stagnation＋inflation (滞涨） United ＋ Communications situation＋comedy motor＋hotel English Lexicology(II) * 2. Back formation The definition of backformation Back-formation（逆生法） is a process of word-formation by which a word is created by the deletion of a supposed suffix. It is also known as a reverse derivation. English Lexicology(II) * 2. Back formation E.g. edit from editor automate from automation enthuse from enthusiasm gloom from gloomy donate from donation brainwash from brainwashing sleep-walk from sleep-walking English Lexicology(II) * 3. onomatopoeia(拟声法） The definition of onomatopoeia Echoing or imitating a sound that is linked to the thing we want to name E.g. Ding dong bang bubble clash crash smash slash glare stare flare blare (发出耀眼的光) English Lexicology(II) * 4. Analogy Examples Marathon-----telethon, talkathon blue-collar workers-----white-collar workers, gray-collar workers, pink-collar workers,