英美文学复习考试资料.doc

1、Geoffrey Chaucer------ Father/founder of English Poetry The Canterbury Tales 《坎特伯雷故事集》 London dialect The General Prologue consists of character sketches of each member of the group that is going to Canterbury 2、William Shakespeare Drama: Tragedies- Hamlet, Macbeth, King Lear, Othello, Romeo and Juliet Comedies- As You Like It, The Merchants of Venice, Much Ado About Nothing, A Midsummer Night’s Dream，The Taming of the Shrew, Twelfth Night Histories- Henry IV, Henry V, Henry VI, Henry VIII, Richard III, Romances/tragicomedies: Cymbeline, The Tempest The balcony scene One of the romantic peaks of the play. In this scene, Romeo has employed three comparisons to express his admiration for Juliet: the sun, twinkling stars, a bright angel A sonnet is a lyric invariably of fourteen lines, usually in iambic pentameter五音步抑扬格 , restricted to a definite rhyme scheme韵律 . Characterization: Shakespeare’s major characters are neither merely individual ones nor type ones; they represent certain types; they are individuals representing certain types. By employing a psycho-analytical approach, Shakespeare succeeds in exploring the characters?inner world. Shakespeare also portrays his characters in pairs. Contrasts are frequently used to bring vividness to his characters. plot construction: Shakespeare seldom invents his own plot; instead, he borrows them from old plays or storybooks, from ancient Greek or Roman sources. In order to make the play more lively and compact, he would shorten the time and intensify the story. There are usually several clues running through the play, thus providing the story with the suspense and apprehension. Language: Shakespeare can write skillfully in different poetic forms, such as the sonnet, the blank verse and the rhymed couplet. He has an amazing wealth of vocabulary and idiom. His coinage of new words and distortion of the meaning of the old words also creates striking effects on the readers. 3、浪漫主义：Romanticism Begins with the publicati