Culture in ancient Greece：1.History and Mythology 01.ppt

4. Classical Period (500-336 BC) between about 500 B. C., when the Greeks began to come into conflict with the kingdom of Persia to the east and the death of the Macedonian king and conqueror Alexander the Great in 323 B.C. In this period Athens reached its greatest political and cultural heights: A. the full development of the democratic system of government under the Athenian statesman Pericles ([p?ri.kliz], 伯利克里) B. the building of the Parthenon on the Acropolis --------------------------------------------- Parthenon [‘pɑ:θin?n], 帕特农神庙 Acropolis [?‘kr?p?lis], 雅典卫城 Parthenon C. the creation of the tragedies of Sophocles, Aeschylus and Euripides D. the founding of the philosophical schools of Socrates and Plato. * * * Western Culture：An Introduction Chapter 1 Culture in Ancient Greece Contents I. Brief Introduction to Greece II. Divisions of Ancient Greece III. The Early Period of Greek Civilization IV. The Development and End of Greek Civilization V. Greek Culture I. Brief Introduction to Greece 1. Geography of Greece 2. The Cradle of Western Civilization 1. Geography of Greece a small country in Europe near the Mediterranean Sea the main part is on a peninsula The rest is made up of islands. The mountainous land also meant that it was difficult to invade Greek lands. The Balkan Mountains in the north and the Mediterranean Sea form barriers that made it difficult for outsider to attack. 2. The Cradle of Western Civilization The civilization of ancient Greece flowered more than 2500 years ago but it influences the way we live today. ?2004 Mrs. Joan Crick The Legacies of Ancient Greece architecture philosophy Olympics epics Greek mythology tragedy comedy trial by jury democracy scientific method Socratic Method theater classification marathon Hippocratic Oath The Greeks valued beauty and imagination. They wrote many stories and plays that continue to be performed today. The people of ancient Greece could not farm most of their mountainous, rocky