英语语法不定式 lecture 5 Infinitive.ppt

Lecture one: Infinitive definition of infinitive: Q1: As we have learned last term, English verbs have three non-finite forms, what are they?” infinitive, -ing participle and -ed participle. Q2: what is the infinitive? Infinitive is the full name of the infinitive of the verb. So, an infinitive is the base form of a verb. The Infinitive always consists of the to and the base form of the verb. Q3: How many types of infinitive you have learned?” two types of infinitive: to-infinitive and bare infinitive. Syntax of infinitives Q: Can infinitives function as subject, object…? Translations: Eg: 有必要在国庆节之前完成这个设计. It?is necessary?to?complete?the?design?before?National?Day. Eg: 我忘记上交我的作业了。。 I?forgot?to?hand in my homework. Eg: 我期待你给我来信。 I expect you to write to me. Eg: 他有许多问题要问。 He?has?a?lot?of?questions?to?ask. Eg: 迪斯尼最大的愿望就是成为一个著名的艺术家。 Disney’s?greatest?wish?was?to?be?a?famous?artist. Eg: 我来仅仅是向你告别。 I come here only to say good-bye to you.　 Tense and voice of infinitives  Tense Active voice Passive voice Simple tense:??? to?write to be written Progressive aspect:?? to?be?writing Perfect aspect: ?? to?have?written to have been written Perfect Progressive to have been doing Now Translate the following sentences, attention to the tense. Q: does the infinitive have the tense? 1) The action in the simple tense sometimes happens at the same time as the action in the predicate, and sometimes happens after the action in the predicate. 他似乎喜欢音乐。 He seems to like music. 　客人们答应要早来. The guests promised to come early. 2） The action in the perfect tense happens before the action in the predicate. Eg: 很抱歉，给你添了那么多的麻烦。 Im sorry to have given you so much trouble. 3） The action in the progressive tense happens at the same time as the action in the predicate. Eg: 他好像正在吃什么东西。 He seems to be eating something. 4） the act