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计算思维英文PPT
CT for Everyone Jeannette M. Wing Computational Thinking for Everyone ? 2008 Jeannette M. Wing Outline Computational Thinking A Vision for our Field The Two A’s to CT Research and Education Implications Two and a Half Years Later… External Response and Impact Reality Check My Grand Vision for the Field Computational thinking will be a fundamental skill used by everyone in the world by the middle of the 21st Century. Just like reading, writing, and arithmetic. Imagine every child knowing how to think like a computer scientist! Incestuous: Computing and computers will enable the spread of computational thinking. In research: scientists, engineers, …, historians, artists In education: K-12 students and teachers, undergrads, … Examples of Computational Thinking How difficult is this problem and how best can I solve it? Theoretical computer science gives precise meaning to these and related questions and their answers. C.T. is thinking recursively. C.T. is reformulating a seemingly difficult problem into one which we know how to solve. Reduction, embedding, transformation, simulation C.T. is choosing an appropriate representation or modeling the relevant aspects of a problem to make it tractable. C.T. is interpreting code as data and data as code. C.T. is using abstraction and decomposition in tackling a large complex task. C.T. is judging a system’s design for its simplicity and elegance. C.T. is type checking, as a generalization of dimensional analysis. C.T. is prevention, detection, and recovery from worst-case scenarios through redundancy, damage containment, and error correction. C.T. is modularizing something in anticipation of multiple users and prefetching and caching in anticipation of future use. C.T. is calling gridlock deadlock and avoiding race conditions when synchronizing meetings. C.T. is using the difficulty of solving hard AI problems to foil computing agents. C.T. is taking an approach to solving problems, designing systems, and understanding h
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