词语的英译(II).ppt

The Theory Practice of Translation (II) Warm-up Translation 曾子曰：“吾日三省吾身。为人谋而不忠乎？与朋友交而不信乎？传不习乎？” Zeng Zi said, “Every day I examine myself on three counts. In what I have undertaken on another’s behalf, have I failed to do my best? In my dealings with my friends have I failed to be trustworthy in what I say? Have I failed to practice repeatedly what has been passed on to me? Zeng Zi said, “Every day I examine myself on these three points: in acting on behalf of others, have I always been loyal to their interests? In intercourse with my friends, have I always been true to my word? Have I failed to repeat the precepts that have been handed down to me?” 一、多义词英译 任何一个词在新的上下文中就有一个新的词义。要确定多义词在特定语境中的涵义，一要紧密联系上下文，二要注意这些词语的搭配习惯。 (一)上下文 上下文即词、短语、语句和篇章的前后关系，有广狭之分。 广义上下文指外部经验世界。 狭义上下文指特定语言的前言后语。 上下文与词义选择 公事 public affairs ; official business 出事 to have an accident 惹事 to make trouble 从事 to be engaged in 有事大家做。 We should all share the work. 还有些未完成的事要处理。 There is still some unfinished business to settle. 我们就这事请教过他。 We have consulted him about the matter. 请回去吧，这里没你的事。 Please go back, there is nothing of your concern now. 我们找个安静点的地方好好聊聊。 Let’s find a quiet place where we can have a good talk. 箱子里已经没有地方了。 There is no room left in the chest. 你希望留在部队还是到地方上去？ Do you wish to stay in the army or to transfer to a civilian unit? 大家对你很有意见。 People have a lot of complaints about you. 他们在会上闹起了意见。 They got into disputes at the meeting. 他们对这项计划提出了修改意见。 They made some suggestions for the revision of the plan. 上下文与词义的褒贬 他们讲索取，我们讲奉献。 They preach taking from others, whereas we advocate giving to others. 她热衷于花样滑冰。 She is fond of figure skating． 他热衷于个人名利。 He is always hankering after personal fame and gains． 上下文与词义的广狭 农业是国民经济的基础。 Agriculture is the foundation of our national economy. 这些年来，我国的农业、林业、畜牧业和渔业都得到相应的发展。 Over the years, corresponding developments have been made in our farming, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery. 搭配习惯 我看出了他的心事。 I c