系解重点(国外英语资料).docVIP

系解重点 1: the bone can be classified according to morphology: long bones, short, flat, irregular bone The structure of bone: bone, periosteum, bone marrow 2; thoracic vertebrae; vertebral heart-shaped, small taper is nearly circular, with transverse costal fovea, facet joint was coronal, spinous process is long, lean back below the adjacent spinous process is imbricate arrangement 3; cervical spine; vertebral small, oval cross-section, taper large, triangular, facet joint horizontalposition spinous process ends 4; lumbar vertebrae; vertebral body is kidney shaped, triangular cone, facet joint in sagittal, spinous process wide 5. The basic structure of the joint; the articular surface, joint capsule, joint cavity 6. The joint of the joint is sufficient; ligaments, articular disc, articular labrum, synovial capsule, synovial fold 7. Movement of the joints; movement, flexion and extension, insertion and extension, rotation, and rotation 8; four bends; neck bend, waist bend forward. Chest bend, sacral curve, backward 9. Temporomandibular joint; mandibular mandibular head + temporal mandibular fossa + articular tubercle structure Features: the joint capsule is loose, the outer ligament has extra ligament, and there is a joint disk in the capsule, which divides the cavity into two parts. The anterior part of the joint capsule is weak, and it is easy to dislocation 10. The acromioclavicular joint is the only joint in the upper limb bone and trunk bone connections 11. Acromioclavicular joint; the joint of the clavicle from the acromion end to the shoulder joint is the plane joint 12. Shoulder joint; humeral head and scapula glenoid cavity Features: (1) the most flexible joints; the stability is poor; the range of motion is large; the 4 joint capsule is loose 13. The elbow joint; the lower end of the humerus and the upper end of the radius are compound joints It includes: (1) the joint of the ulnar joint, the radial joint and the proximal radioulnar joint The intervertebral di