智障儿童抚养者心理研究综述.PDF

. . Monographic Study Psychology Application / 专题研究 心理学应用/ 智障儿童抚养者心理研究综述 ■周 易 杨向云 易春丽 * 【摘要】 智力障碍儿童的抚养者相对于健全儿童抚养者经历了更多压力事件，体验了更大的压 力水平，心理健康更有可能受到威胁。通过概述智力障碍儿童抚养者的心理健康状况，对不同类型 智力障碍儿童抚养者的心理健康状况、智力障碍儿童父亲和母亲心理健康状况异同进行了比较，探 讨影响心理健康状况的因素，对近年来国内外在该领域的研究成果予以综述，希望能够通过更新更 全面的文献反映研究现状，为国内智力障碍儿童抚养者方面的研究以及临床防治与干预提供参考。 【关键词】 智力障碍 ；儿童 ；抚养者 ；心理健康状况 The Literature Review on Mental Health of Parents of Children with Intellectual Disabilities ZHOU Yi, YANG Xiang-yun, YI Chun-li 【 】Comparing to caregivers of healthy children, the caregivers whose children have Abstract intellectual disabilities experience more stressful events, suffer more pressure, and are easier exposed to the imperilment of mental health. This review summarized the mental health condition of caregivers of intellectual disabled children, compared the mental health status among caregivers of different types of intellectual disability as well as the conditions between mothers and fathers. It discussed factors that might influence mental health conditions, and gave an overview of related academic researches in recent years. With fresh and comprehensive review on this subject, the authors hope it can contribute to domestic research as well as clinical prevention and intervention for caregivers of intellectual disabled children. 【 】Intellectual disability; Children; Caregivers; Mental health Key words [ 中图分类号 ]C913.69 [ 文献标识码 ]A [ 文章编号 ]2095-0810(2013)12-0011-04 引言 中城市为0．663%，城镇为1.109％，农村为1.413％。 智力障碍（Intellectual Disability），根据美 我国每年新增0～6岁残疾儿童约19.9万[2] 。在听力、 国智力与发展性障碍协会（American Association 视力、智力、肢体、精神等五类残疾儿童中，智力 on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 障碍所占比例最高，为 54.21％，是我国目前儿童残 AAIDD