美国州法院制度及对我国的启示.pdfVIP

A m erican State C ou rt Sy stem an d th e E n ligh tenm en t for O u r C o u n try T ak in g M ary lan d State for E xam p le A b stract: T he court sy stem of the U n ited States has a lw ays been paid attention to in academ ia. T h e court sy stem s of the U n ited States im plem ent doub le track , w h ich m eans, the federal court system and the state court system are tw o parallel court system s. B ut the researches aim ing on the state court system of the U n ited States are still relatively few . T he court system of M aryland State, w h ich as one of the 13 earliest states to foun d th e U n ited States, has gon e throu gh con stant im prov em en t and developm ent. T h is article tak es M arylan d State for exam p le to show the courts structure and the ju dges selection sy stem of the U n ited States, h op ing to prov ide C h inese legal system bu ilding, especially the judicial reform and developm ent, w ith experience and reference value. T he m ain content of th is article can b e div ided into five parts :T he first part is to introduce th e court system s of th e U n ited States, including the state court sy stem s of th e U n ited States in the co lon ial p eriod and the statu s quo of state court sy stem s; T he second part is to introdu ce the construction of M aryland court system , according to th e tw o level— trial courts an d th e app eal courts; T he th ird part is to intro du ce the ru les of ju dge selection in M aryland court sy stem , including the relevant legal prov ision s and tw o aux iliary agen cies for judges selection and dism ission ; T he forth part is to introduce the op eration m echan ism of M ary land court sy stem , m ain ly through show ing a court case from C ourt of A ppeals in M ary land ; T he last part is to discu ss the insp iration of related system