国际市场营销双语教学教案2.pptVIP

* International MarketingLecture 2 Instructor Li Zhihong Sept.2009 Business Institute, Jiang Han University * Chapter 2 Trade Institutions and Trade Policy  1. Teaching and learning Targets. After studying this chapter, you should be able to: (1) Why is international trade important to a nation? (2) Discuss the role of “voluntary”import restraints in international marketing. (3) How have consumer demands changed international trade? (4) Discuss the impact of import restrictionsw on consumers. (5) Does foreign direct investment have an effect on trade? * 2. The Historical Dimension (1) Roman Empire. Even while expanding their territories through armed conflicts, the Romans placed primary emphasis on encouraging international business activities. The principal approaches were the Pax Romana and the common coinage. (2) Feudalism. Although the feudal system encouraged the development of a closed-state economy that was inwardly focused and ultimately conceived for self-sufficiency and security, medieval commerce still thrived and developed through export trade. * (3) Modern cases . The effect of turning away from international trade during the 1930s saw the importance of the international trade. Besides, international marketing and international trade have also long been seen as valuable tools for foreign policy purposes. (4) Global division. After 1945, the world was sharply split ideologically into West and East, a division that had major implications for trade relations. * (1) WTO. The World Trade Organization has its origins in the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade(GATT). Over time, the GATT evolved into an institution that sponsored successive rounds of international trade negotiations with a key focus on a reduction of prevailing high tariffs. After many years of often contentious negotiation, the Uruguay Round accord was finally ratified in Jan