翻译答案.ppt

2004.11 (76) Thus, those who ran the most ate the most, yet lost the greatest amount of body fat. By adopting a few simple techniques, parents who read to their children can greatly increase their children’s language development. It is surprising but true. (77) How parents talk to their children makes a big difference in the children’s language development. If a parent encourages the child to actively respond to what the parent is reading, the child’s language skills increase. A study was done with 30 three-year-old children and their parents. Half of the children participated in the experimental study; the other half acted as the control group. In the experimental group, the parents were given a two-hour training session in which they were taught to ask open-ended questions rather than yes-or-no questions. For example, the parent should ask, “What is the doggie doing?” rather than “Is the doggie running away?” (78) The parents in the experimental group were also instructed in how to help children find answers, how to suggest alternative possibilities and how to praise correct answers. (79) The agriculture revolution in the nineteenth century involved two things: the invention of labor-saving machinery and the development of scientific agriculture. Labor-saving machinery naturally appeared first where labor was scarce. “In Europe”, said Thomas Jefferson, “the object is to make the most of their land, labor being sufficient; here it is to make the most of our labor, land being abundant”. It was in America, therefore, that the great advance in nineteenth-century agriculture machinery first came. At the opening of the century, with the exception of a crude (粗糙的) plow, farmers could have carried practically all of the existing agricultural tools on their backs. (80) By 1860, most of the machinery in use today had been designed in an early form. The most important of the early inventions was the iron plow. As early as 1890 C