常见与物动词和不与物动词区别.docVIP

模块七第一单元语法 及物动词和不及物动词 ? Learning aims: students are expected to learn some transitive and intransitive words Teaching important and difficult language points: enlarge their words and let them know more ransitive and intransitive phrases ??? 只要是动词都有这么分的，标注vt的是及物动词，标注vi的是不及物动词。不及物动词没有被动态。 ? ??? 动词根据其后是否带有宾语，可分为两类，分别是：及物动词（transitive verb）、不及物动词（intransitive verb），缩写形式分别为vt. 和vi.。 ??? 英语动词是句子的核心。它既决定着句子意思的表达同时又决定着句子的语法结构。首先，要分清及物不及物动词。 动词及物与不及物通常有以下几种情况： a． 主要用作及物动词。 及物动词后面必须跟宾语。 ? 可用于：主＋谓＋宾；主＋谓＋双宾；主＋谓＋宾＋宾补结构。如： he reached paris the day before yesterday.they asked me to go fishing with them. 类似的还有： buy, catch, invent, found, like, observe, offer, prevent, promise, raise, find, forget,receive, regard, see, say, seat, supply, select,suppose, show, make, take, tell.... ? 1、及物动词是必须带宾语的动词，可分为如下两类。 ? 1) 及物动词＋宾语例：I love my home. 我爱我家。 He bought an English dictionary.? 他买了一本英语词典。 ? 2) 及物动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语例： She taught us maths. 她教我们数学。 My mother gave me a new pen.? 母亲给了我一支新钢笔。 ? 提示：常用的能接双宾语的及物动词有： ? give, teach, buy, lend, find, hand, leave, sell, show, read, pay, make,?offer, build, pass, bring, cook等。b主要用作不及物的动词。不及物动词后面不跟宾语。只能用与：主＋谓结构。 this is the room where i once lived. 类似的还有： ? agree, go, work, listen, look, come, die, belong, fall, exist, rise, arrive, sit,?sail, hurry, fail, succeed??appear? get? feelkeep? make?prove??remain? restrise???seem? stand??stay?? turn?? turn out, wait, cry, smile,?laugh, stop,? rain, snow ? 2、 不及物动词不及物动词不需要跟宾语，本身意义完整。 例：She came last week. 她上周来的。 ??? It is raining hard.? 正下着大雨。 ??? Class began at half past seven.? 7点半开始上课。 ?? ?What happened yesterday? 昨天发生了什么事？ c．既可以用作及物又可以用作不及物的动词，其意义不变。 ? 如begin 都是作开始讲。everybody , our game begins. let us begin our game. ? ?类似的还有：start, answer, sing, close, consider, insist, read, learn, prepare,?pay, hurt, improve.... d．既可以用作及物又可以用作不及物的动词，其意义完全不同。 这类动词作不及物动词是一个意义；而作及物动词时却是另一个意义。 如lift作不及物动词时是指烟雾的消散。 we saw the mountain when the clouds lifted. lift作及物动词时是升高；举起。 ?he lifted his glass and drank