人教版高一英语语法情态动词.pptVIP

教学目标 必修三第一、二单元我们学习了情态动词的基本用法：表能力；表推测（可能性）；表必要性、义务、责任；表请求、建议、命令、允许、禁止；表意愿、意志、决心、允诺。 本节课我们重点学习并强化本学期情态动词中需要注意的一些问题。 一、can 与 be able to 的区别 can表示与生俱来的能力或一种客观可能，而be able to更加强调通过后天的学习和努力获得的能力，或者在某个客观的场合和背景下，能做到的事情。 Eg: Edison always wondered why hens could lay chickens while he was not able to (not). 二、would 与 used to do 的区别 在表示过去经常性或习惯性的动作或状态时，用would do 时表示现在或将来还有可能继续这一动作或状态，而 used to do 则表示现在已经结束。 Eg: People used to believe that the earth was flat．? 过去,人们总以为地球是扁平的.(现在已不再这样认为)? He would go to the park as soon as he was free．? 过去,他一有空就去公园.(现在有可能再去)? 三、shall 与should 的特殊用法 shall 用于第二、三人称陈述句中，表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁。 Eg: Tell him that he shall get the book tomorrow. (允诺） shall 用于所有人称陈述句中，表示法律、法规、公文、条约中的义务或规定。可译为“必须”。 Eg: Each competitor shall wear a number. should (表示说话人惊奇、失望、惋惜等情绪）“竟然” Eg: I find it astonishing that he should be so rude to you. 四、need 的用法 need 做情态动词，译为“需要”，need do sth need 作实义动词时，need to do sth. need doing sth (主动表被动）= need to be done 否定形式 needn’t do 与 don’t / doesn’t have to do 没必要做某事 Eg: The flower needs watering. You needn’t hurry. There is still a lot of time. 四、情态动词+have done 的用法 1. must have done (对过去情况肯定推测，不用否定式）“某人过去一定做过某事”，用在肯定句中。否定句中表示对过去情况的否定推测时，用cant / couldnt have done, 译为“某人过去不可能做过某事”。 Eg: The road is wet. It must have rained last night. Your eyes are so red. You cant have slept well yesterday. 情态动词+have done 的用法 2. should / ought to have done 表示 “本该做某事而事实上却没有做” Eg: You are late again. You should have got up early. shouldn’t / oughtn’t have dong 表示 “本不该做某事而事实上却做了” Eg: You shouldn’t have cheated in the exam. 情态动词+have done 的用法 3. needn’t have done 表示“本没必要做却做了某事” Eg: You needn’t have come to the meeting in person. 4. may / might have done 表示对过去的推测。 Eg: They may have known the truth. Exercises （高考链接） It was sad to m