公开课限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句的区别.ppt

观察例句并找出先行词: ⒈Those who/that take physical exercise live longer. ⒉The girl who/whom/that I saw is very learned. ⒊The car which/that he drives was bought last year. ⒋This is the library where I used to go. ⒈Mr. Smith, who is our boss, is leaving for Japan the day after tomorrow. ⒉The 8:30 train, which is usually punctual, was late today. 3. The college, where he has studied for four years, is a famous one. ⒋Peter drove too fast, which was dangerous. 形式不同： 先行词不同： 功能不同： 含义不同： I have a sister who is a doctor. I have a sister, who is a doctor. 关系词的使用情况不同： His wife, that you met at my house, is a teacher. He told me the reason, why he wanted to drop his math . 和 一般不用于引导非限制性定语从句。其他的关系词都可以。 关系代词引导限制性定语从句做 语是可以省略，但非限制性定语从句的所有关系词都 省略 译法不同： The film that we saw yesterday was very moved. Beijing, which is the capital of China, is a very beautiful city. * * 状语 原因 状语 where 时间 when 定语 人∕物 that which 人 whom 主语∕宾语 人 充当句子成分 指代人∕物 关系代词∕副词 who 宾语，可以省略 物 主语∕宾语做 语时可省略 宾 人∕物 主语∕宾语做 语时可省略 宾 whose 状语 地点 why Group A: Group B: Group B: The Non-restrictive Attributive clauses(非限制性定语从句) Group A: The restrictive Attributive clauses(限制性定语从句) 限制性定语从句与先行词之间不用逗号隔开； 非限制性定语从句与先行词之间一般用逗号 隔开。 My cousin whose father is a teacher wants to be an actor. My cousin , whose father is a teacher , wants to be an actor. 名词 代词 名词 代词 短语 句子 Peter drove too fast, which was dangerous. He changed his mind, which made me angry. 限制性定语从句：先行词只能是 和 。 非限制性定语从句：先行词既可以是 或 。 也可以是 或 。 不能去掉，如果去掉就会造成句意不完整或概念不清 修饰 限制 具体 明确 补充说明 能去掉，如果去掉，对句子意思没有影响，句意仍然清楚完整。 限制性定语从句对先行词进行 和 。使先行词的意义更 和更 。 非限制性定语从句对先行词进行 。 暗指姐姐不止一个 暗指只有一个姐姐 限制性定语从句具有 ，非限制性定语从句具有 。 唯一性 涉他性 My mother, who is 50 years, lives with me now. My mother who is 50 years lives with me now. whom for which that why 宾 不可 我们昨天看的那场电影非常感人！ 北京是中国的首都，它是一座非常美丽的城市。 一般把限制性定语从句翻译在它所修饰的先行词之前，而非限制性定语从句译成汉语时，一般译成一个单独的句子：