初三 定语从句 反义疑问句.doc

定语从句反义疑问句 Warm-up disinfection 消毒 presentation 初中英语复习专辑（11）——定语从句 （一）定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。定语名词，代词，数词，分词，副词，不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任。单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。 定语从句是指在一个句子中作定语的句子，定语从句要放在所修饰的词后。 如：1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman. 2) You must do everything that I do. 上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。 引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who, who, whose)和关系副词where, when、why 关系词常有三个作用：1、引导定语从句 2、代替先行词 3、在定语从句中担当一个成分 二、关系代词引导的定语从句1.who指人，在从句中做主语 (1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One. (2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. 2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 (1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about. 注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。 (3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend. 3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略 (1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. ( which 在句子中做主语) (2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. ( which 在句子中做宾语) 4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。 在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。 (5) The people that/who come to visit the city are all here. (在句子中做主语) (6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning? (在句子中做宾语) 5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语 (1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor. (2) I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in. whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替 ()The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. =The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired. (4)Do you like the book whose color is yellow? =Do you like the book the color of which is yellow? ?★注意：that的用法 (1) 关系词只能用which,而不用that 的情况: ??? a.先行词为that, those时,用which, 而不用that.例如: ??? What’s that which is under the desk? 在桌子底下的那些东西是什么? ??? b.关系代词前有介词时,一般用which,而不用that.例如: ??? This is the room in which he lives. 这是他居住的房间。 We depend on the land from which we get our food. We depend on the land that/which we get our food from.??? c.引导非限制性定语从句,用which, 而不用that.例如: ??? Tom came back, which made us happy. 汤姆回来了,这使我们很高兴。(2)关系词