初中家教语法讲解
Each与every都有“每个”的意思,但二者含义及语法功能不同,主要区别是:一、 1. each既可用作形容词,又可用作代词,在句中可以作定语,主语、宾语、同位语、状语等。例如:1.Each student has his own dictionary . (形容词,定语) 2.Each has his good point .(代词,主语) 3.Our headteacher had a talk with each of us .(代词,宾语) 4.The students each have a desk .(代词,同位语,不影响谓语动词的单复数) 5.The children can have a bag each .(副词,状语)二. each与every都可用作形容词,在句中作定语,但each更强调个人或个别,every更强调全体或全部。比较: I know each member of your family .我认识你们家的每个成员。 I know every member of your family .我认识你们家的每个成员。三. each指两个或两个以上的人或事物中的“每个”;every是指许多人或事物的“全体”,与all的意思相近。试译:这条街上每边都有很多商店。[误]There are many shops on every side of the street . [正]There are many shops on each side of the street . 我给她父母每人一件礼物。[误]I gave a present to every one of her parents . [正]I gave a present to each of her parents .四. each 单独作主语或each、every修饰的单数名词作主语时,谓语动词为单数形式,但each of them作主语时,谓语动词用单数或复数形式都可以。例如: Each / Each person / Every person is living a happy life now .人人都过着幸福生活。 Each of them are / is wearing full dress .他们个个都身着盛装。五. every可以与not连用构成部分否定,意思是“并不/非人人”,而each则不可以与not连用。全部否定是no one ,意思是“个个都不”、“没有人”等。例如: Each / Everyone / Every one of them doesn’t like the TV play .并非人人都喜欢电视剧部分否定 No one likes the TV play . 完全否定六. 表示“每隔……”、“每……”,要用“every+基数词+复数名词”。这种结构中的every不能用each替代。例如: They’ll choose one out of every ten girls . We hand in our homework every three days .倍数2倍常用的词twice,double,duple,twofold,as,,,again as表示,特别是-fold这个词,在前面加上相应的基数词,就变成几倍了,例如,三倍,threefold,四倍,fourfold,依次类推,3倍,还可以用three times,triple,treble等来表示,其中用基数词+times也可以表示几倍的意思。倍数表达法:1) A + 谓语+倍数+the +n.(size/ height/ length……)+of B例如:This square is twice the size of that one. 2) A + 谓语+倍数+as + abj. + as B例如:This square is twice as large as that one 3)A + 谓语+倍数+adj. 比较级+than B?例如:He is 3 years older than I形容词副词大多数的形容词、副词都有三个等级:原级:比较级:比较...,更...一些最高级:最... (A)1.构成:(规则情况)情况变化方法例词单音节词和少数双音节词: 一般情况加er, est clever-cleverer-cleverest 以字母e结尾加r, st nice-nicer-nicest 重读闭音节、末尾只有一个辅音字母时双写加er, est big-bigger-biggest以辅音字母加y结尾变y为i加er, est early-earlier-earliest 部分双音节和多音节词在词前加more, most slo
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