chapter 2 Speech sounds概要1.pptVIP

Chapter Two Speech Sounds Introduction Phonetics: the study of sounds. It studies how speech sounds are produced, transmitted, and perceived. p 24  It is concerned with all the sounds that occur in the languages.  production perception acoustic articulatory auditory Chapter Two Speech Sounds The study of sounds is divided into three main areas: articulatory phonetics acoustic phonetics auditory phonetics Phonology is the study of sound patterns and sound systems of languages…. p24 2.1 How speech sounds are made 2.1.1 Speech organs Chapter Two Speech Sounds ㄅ?? ㄆ?? ㄇ?? ㄈ?? ㄉ?? ㄊ?? ㄌ?? ㄋㄍ?? ㄎ?? ㄏ????ㄐ?? ㄑ?? ㄒ ㄗ? ? ㄘ?? ㄙ?? ㄓ?? ㄔ?? ㄕ?? ㄖ あ ア い イ う ウ え エ お オ か カ き キ く ク け ケ こ コ さ サ し シ す ス せ セ そ ソ た タ ち チ つ ツ て テ と ト Chapter Two Speech Sounds bㄅ?? pㄆ?? mㄇ?? fㄈ??dㄉ?? tㄊ?? lㄌ?? nㄋgㄍ?? kㄎ?? hㄏ????jㄐ?? qㄑ?? xㄒ zㄗ?? cㄘ?? sㄙ?? zhㄓ?? chㄔ?? shㄕ?? rㄖ あア a いイ i うウ u えエ e おオ o かカ ka きキ ki くク ku けケ ke こコ ko さサ sa しシ si/shi すス su せセ se そソ so たタ ta ち チ chi つツ tsu てテ te とト to 2.1.2 The IPA Chapter Two Speech Sounds 2.2 Consonants and vowels The differentiation of consonants and vowels In producing a vowel the air stream coming from the lungs meets with no obstruction whatsoever while in the production of consonants it is obstructed in one way or another. This marks the essential difference between consonants and vowels. Chapter Two Speech Sounds 2.2.1 Consonants The classification / Categorization of consonants in two ways: (p29) (a) The manner of articulation The actual relationship between the articulators and the ways air passes through certain parts of the vocal tract. (b) The place of articulation The point where a consonant is made. p31 Manner of articu