比较级、祈使句、感叹句、反义疑问句.doc

比较级、祈使句、感叹句、反义疑问句

形容词、副词的比较级和最高级   一、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则   1.一般单音节词和少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词,比较级在后面加-er,最高级在后面加-est;   (1)单音节词   如:small→smaller→smallest short→shorter→shortest    tall→taller→tallest great→greater→greatest   (2)双音节词   如:clever→cleverer→cleverest narrow→narrower→narrowest   2.以不发音e结尾的单音节词,比较在原级后加-r,最高级在原级后加-st;   如:large→larger→largest nice→nicer→nicest able→abler→ablest   3.在重读闭音节(即:辅音+元音+辅音)中,先双写末尾的辅音字母,比较级加-er,最高级加-est;   如: big→bigger→biggest hot→hotter→hottest fat→fatter→fattest   4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词,把y改为i,比较级加-er,最高级加-est;   如:easy→easier→easiest heavy→heavier→heaviest    busy→busier→busiest happy→happier→happiest   5.其他双音节词和多音节词,比较级在前面加more,最高级在前面加most;   如:beautiful→more beautiful→most beautiful    different→more different→most different    easily→more easily→most easily   注意:形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词 the,副词最高级前可不用。    例句: The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.      6.有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的,必须熟记。   如:good→better→best well→better→best    bad→worse→worst ill→worse→worst    old→older/elder→oldest/eldest    many/much→more→most little→less→least    far →further/farther→ furthest/farthest    二、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级用法: 1. 原级的用法:用于两者之间对比,意思为“……和……相同”相当于the same as… 肯定句:A+动词.+as+形容词/副词原级+as B Tom is as honest as Jack. Jack runs as fast as Peter. 否定句:A+动词.+not as/so.+形容词/副词原级+as B This tree is not as/so tall as that one. 2. 比较级的用法: 1)A+动词+形容词/副词比较级+than+ B Susan is happier than Jane. Lily run faster than Mary 注:形容词/副词比较级前还可以用much, even, still, a little,far, a lot, a bit来修饰。 2)数字(倍数)+形容词/副词比较级+than I’m two years older than you. Our classroom is twice bigger than yours. 3)比较级+and+比较级,表示“越来越……” The earth is getting warmer and warmer. 4)the +比较级,the +比较级,表示“越……, 就越……” The more, the better. 越多越好。(多多益善) 3. 最高级用法: 用于三者及以上的人或事物的比较,最高级前加the,最高级前有物主代词,序数词和名词所有格时,不加定冠词,后面跟带in或of表范围的短语。 1)one of the +最高级 Shanghai is one of the most beautiful cities in China. 2)比较级句型表达最高级意义 A+动词+比较级+than+any other+B(单数) 如:The Changjiang River is lon

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