山豆根对SD 大鼠毒性实验研究.docVIP

山豆根对SD大鼠的毒性实验研究 （上海中医药大学附属曙光医院，上海 200021） 忻耀杰，滕磊 【摘要】目的：研究山豆根对SD大鼠的毒性作用。方法：设定空白、常量、10倍量、20倍量、50倍量、100倍量、解毒、增毒共8组，连续给药5天，观察给药后SD大鼠的一般行为变化、肝肾功能改变和肝、肾脏组织结构的改变。结果：50倍量组开始往上，给药后出现精神萎靡、活动减少、腹泻等情况；各剂量组对血清ALT、BUN、Cr的影响不明显；50倍量组开始大鼠肝脏出现灶性坏死，100倍量组和增毒组还有肝实质内细胞脂肪变性，50倍量组开始出现肾脏的血管袢与球囊壁粘连、肾小管上皮水肿，解毒组仅见肝细胞点状坏死和肾小管上皮轻度水肿。结论：大剂量山豆根（7.5g/kg以上）有神经毒性和肝组织损伤毒性，对肾脏的损害相对较轻，山豆根配伍生大黄毒性加重，而山豆根配伍生甘草毒性降低。 【关键词】山豆根，毒性，实验研究 The experimental study on the toxicity of Shandougen to SD Rats 【Abstract】 Objective: The purpose of this experiment was to test the toxicity of Shandougen to SD Rats. Methods: Setting blank,general,decuple,twentyfold,fiftyfold,hundredfold,detoxification and intoxication groups, and gavage them before-mentioned doses once a day for 5days. These SD Rats were kept under close observation on the general behavior, hepatorenal function and the structure change of liver and kidney. Results: Beyound fiftyfold does, The SD Rats showed poorer mind, loss activity and diarrhea.There are no significant differences of hepatorenal function among all doses.Dollop necrosis in the liver were found from fiftyfold dose and even fatty degeneration were found in hundredfold and intoxication doses.The blood vessels and sacculuses were conglutinationed and the epithelia of renal tubules were oedema in the kidney. Punctual necrosis in the liver and the epithelia of renal tubules oedema in the dose of detoxific. Conclusion: The dose of fiftyfold or more fiftyfold(7.5g/kg or more) may have toxicity to nerve and liver. The toxicity to kidney is less. More toxicitic are found in the dose of intoxication and less toxicitic are found in the dose of detoxification. 【Key Words】Shandougen, toxicity, experimental study 山豆根为豆科槐属植物越南槐的干燥根和根茎，是中医喉科要药。山豆根性寒味苦有毒[1], 归心、肺、肝、胆经,有清热解毒、消肿止痛的功能。《本草经疏》中有“山豆根为解毒清热之上药”的记载。经现代药理研究证明，它含有丰富的喹诺里西啶类生物碱，其中苦参碱和氧化苦参碱是其主要有效成分。常用于治疗急慢性咽炎、扁桃体炎和腮腺炎等疾病，但随着临床应用的拓宽，其不良反应屡见报道，并引起中医药界的广泛关注。为了安全有效地利用山豆根药材及其制剂，本文报告山豆根对SD大鼠毒性实验的初步研究情况。 1．材料与