英语句子成分、种类、练习.ppt

英语句子成分 句子类型 Members of a Sentence Types of Sentences 句子的组成成分叫句子成分。 英语的基本成分有七种：主语(subject) 谓语(predicate\ verb)、表语(predicative)、 宾语(object)、定语(attributive)、状语 (adverbial) 和补语(complement)。 一） 主语：表示句子说的是什么人或什么事, 由名、代、数、不定式、动名词、短语或句子来充当。 通常位于句首。 Animals also have ears. He will take you to the hospital. Three plus four equals seven. To see is to believe. Smoking is not allowed in public places. Whether they will come or not depends on the weather. 二）谓语说明主语做什么，是什么或怎么样 由动词或动词词组充当, 位于主语后。助动词或情态动词加其他动词的适当形式也构成谓语动词。 Action speaks louder than words. The chance may never come again. Mary has been working at the dress shop since 1994. He laughed at his classmates. 四）宾语表示动作、行为的对象，是动作的承受着通常位于及物动词和介词后面。 She covered her face with her hands. We havent seen her for a long time. Do you mind opening the window? Give me four please. He wants to dream a nice dream. We need know what others are doing. We should care more about our friends. 六）状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分，叫做状语。通常由副词，介词短语和从句充当．状语表示地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、伴随情况等。 The best fish swim near the bottom. I left the village five years ago. I arrived late because of the traffic jam . Well send a car to fetch you. The fish can eat a person in two minutes , leaving only bones。 The students came into the classroom, singing and dancing. If he goes, so will I . Though he is a child, he knows a lot. 七）宾语补足语：英语有些及物动词，除了要有宾语之外，还要加上宾语补足语，对宾语进行适当地补充说明，才能使句子的意义完整。 They elected me captain of the team. We try to make our country strong. We found everything in good order there. I should advise you to get the chance. I saw him going upstairs. They found the house broken in. 句子成分练习题( 一 ) (一). 指出下列句中的主语 ① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom. ② There is an old man coming here. ③ T