被动语态GFI1.ppt

He keep food fresh in the fridge. 主 谓 宾 宾补 → Food is kept fresh in the fridge. 复合宾语 We find English very useful. 主 谓 宾 宾补 → English is found very useful. 被动语态要注意的三种情况 在主动语态中, 动词feel, hear , listen to, have , make , let , look at , see , watch , notice （一感二听三让四看）接动词不定式作宾语补足语时，要省略to，但在被动语态中，to要还原。 被动语态要注意的三种情况 I saw him play basketball last Sunday. → He was seen to play basketball last Sunday. 2. We heard them sing in the classroom. →They was heard to sing in the classroom. I often see him come into the room． The boss made the workers work all day. We heard him sing this song in the room. He is often seen to come into the room. The workers were made to work all day. He was heard to sing this song in the room. 在主动句中,使役动词、感官动词make, see, hear, watch, notice等词后跟省略to的不定式，变被动语态时，必须还原to. 在 need / want / require / worth+ doing 句型中,动名词表示被动. The garden needs watering = The garden needs to be watered . 有些动词的不定式( blame / rent ）用主动表被动 Nobody was to blame for the accident . The house is to rent . 一些表示主语性质特征的表语形容词如easy / difficult / hard /easy ,所跟的不定式用主动表被动, 不定式与句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系. The question is easy to answer .= It’s easy to answer the question . The water in the river is unfit to drink。= It’s unfit to drink the water in the river. 不定式作定语时 , 其逻辑主语是句子的主语 / 间接宾语或说话人时 ,用不定式主动表被动. She has an old grandfather to look after . Please give the child a picture –book to read . Have you any homework to do this evening ? . 有些动词既是及物又是不及物，当它们和well, badly, easily等副词连用时，表示主语内在品质或性能，是不及物动词，用主动表示被动，这时不用被动语态，常见的有：write, read, clean, sell, wash, cook 等。如： (1)The cloth washes easily. 这布很好洗。 (2)The new product sells well. 这新产品很畅销。 对比： The books sell well. (主动句) The books were sold out. (被动句) . 下列情况主动句不能改为被动句： 第一，感官系动词一般用主动形式表示被动意义，如：feel，look, seem, taste, sound, remain等。 (1)— Do you like the material? — Yes, it feels very soft. 误：It is felt very soft. (2)The foo