限制性和非限制性定语从句(Unit1).ppt

* The Restrictive and Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause 限制性和非限制性定语从句 1.The old man has a son, who is in the army. 2.The old man has a son who is in the army. a son a son who who 1.这位老人有一个儿子，在部队工作。(隐含的 意义：只有一个儿子) 2.这位老人有个在部队工作的儿子。(隐含的意 义：也许还有其他的儿子，在干别的工作) 限制性和非限制性定语从句的区别 不可省略；不能用that；不能用who代替whom。 通常翻译成主句的并列句 是对先行词的补充说明，如去掉，主句意义仍完整 用逗号和主句隔开 非限制性定语从句 做宾语时可省略；可用that；可用who代替whom。 翻译成先行词的定语“……的” 是先行词不可缺少的定语，如去掉，主句意义不完整。 不用逗号和主句隔开 限制性定语从句 关系词的使用 译法 意义 形式 类别 1.A:This is the house (which) we bought last month. B:The house, which we bought last month, is very nice. 2.A:My younger brother who is 18 years old is a college student. B:My younger brother, who is 18 years old, is a college student. 3.A:Jim doesn’t like to ask questions which make his teacher angry. B:Jim doesn’t like to ask questions, which makes his teacher angry. 这是我们上个月买的的那栋房子。 这栋房子很漂亮，是我们上个月买的。 我18岁的那个弟弟是个大学生。 我弟弟是个大学生，今年18岁。 吉姆不喜欢问使老师生气的问题。 吉姆不喜欢问问题 ，这让老师很生气。 as和which引导非限制性定语从句时都可指 代整个主句内容 区别: 1. as引导的从句放在主句前后均可。 As is known to all, the sun rises in the east. =The sun rises in the east, as is known to us all. Which引导的从句只能放在主句(逗号)后面 He was admitted to Peking University, which made his parents happy. 2.as常解释为“正如...的那样”， “ 正像...” as is (has been) said (mentioned) above (如上所述) as we all know /as is well known/as is known to us all (众所周知) as is often the case (正如往常一样) as is reported (正如报道的那样) as we (is) expected (正像我们期望的那样) as everybody can see (正如大家所看到的) which译为“这一点”; which可指代先行词 1. The moon travels round the earth once every month , _____is known to everybody. ?? A. it?? ?? B. as??? ???C. that??? ??D. which 2. _____I explained on the phone, your request will be considered at the next meeting.????? A. When?????? B. After ???? C. As????? D. Which 3. She won the first gold medal in the 29th