高中语法知识——虚拟语气.docVIP

10《虚拟语气》 一、非真实条件句中的虚拟语气 二、宾语从句中的虚拟语气 三、主语从句中的虚拟语气 四、表语从句、同位语从句中的虚拟语气 五、状语从句中的虚拟语气 六、几种特殊的虚拟语气 考题点击： I am not free today. If I ___free today , I __ and visit some of my friends . A. am will go B. were , would go C. shall be D. be , must go 2. If my lawyer ___ here last Saturday, he __ me from going . A. had been , would have prevented B. had been, would prevent C. were, would prevent D. were, would have prevented 3.If I were to see Tom, what ___ you ___ me to tell him? A. are ,going to ask B. do , ask C. would , ask D. did, ask BAC 条件句的种类 条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句。真是条件句所表示的假设是可能发生或实现的，句中的条件从句与结果主句皆用陈述语气。 Oil floats if you pour it on water. If i have enough money next year,I will go to Japan. 非真实条件句所表示的假设则是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的，句中条件从句与结果主句皆须用虚拟语气。 一、非真实条件句中的虚拟语气 (Were to\过去式) 从句中有三种虚拟式：①过去式、 ②should do +原形、 ③had done （条件从句） 和现在的事实相反 和将来的事实相反 和过去的事实相反 主句有两种虚拟式：情态动词+动原 情态动词+动原 情态动词+have done （结果主句） 和现在的事实相反 If we left now,we should arrive in good time. If I were you, i would refuse the money. Even if he had the money, he wouldn’t buy it. 2.和过去的事实相反 We would have dropped by if we had had time. 假若我们有时间的话，我们就会顺道拜访了。 I wouldn’t have known what these were for if I hadn’t been told. 若果别人不告诉我，我就不会知道这些东西是干什么的了。 You can imagine what would have happened to her if she should have told the truth. 你可以想象，她如果道出了真情，她的遭遇会如何？Should have done这种虚拟语气并非完全不可能发生，它只是表示一种偶然性， 和将来的事实相反 If you dropped the glass,it would break. If you lived there for a while,you’d change your mind about the place. If he were to come,what should we say to him? 以下这种形式并不强调意愿，只强调一种偶然实现的可能性。 If he should see me ,he would know me .假如他看见我，他就会认识我。 这种形式往往有不为人所欢迎的含义 If he should go away,I should be grieved.他如离去我就会感到悲伤。 主句中的特殊情况 结果主句常用直陈语气或祈使语气 If the train should be late, what will you do? If we should fail in this,we are ruined.我们这个计划如果失败，我们就倒霉了。结果主句常用直陈语气 If you should meet Henr