办公建筑能耗统计方法研究 - 同济大学学报.docVIP

建筑能效当量能耗方法研究 李峥嵘1,李浩翥1,郁盛1,诸英霞2 （1．同济大学 暖通空调及燃气研究所，上海 200092； 2．上海市建筑建材业市场管理总站，上海 200032） 摘要：建筑能耗的影响因素分为“能效有关量”与“能效无关量”两类。“能效有关量”反映了建筑的实际用能效率，是建筑节能改造中的依据，由此导致的建筑能耗定义为“建筑能效当量能耗”。运用线性回归的方法推导出建筑能效当量能耗的计算方法。运用33幢办公建筑样本，给出了上海地区2~8万m2办公建筑的建筑能效当量能耗的回归计算公式，并形成上海地区既有办公建筑能效高低的阈值范围。 关键词： 公共建筑；能效；多元线性回归 中图分类号：TU 111.19 Research on equivalent energy consumption of building energy efficiency Li Zhengrong1, Li Haozhu1, Yu Sheng1, Zhu Yingxia2 (1．Institute of HVACG, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; 2. Shanghai General Administration of the Market for Construction and Construction Materials, Shanghai 200032, China) Abstract：Building-energy-use factors could be divided into two types according to their effect on energy efficiency: efficiency-correlated factors and efficiency-non-correlated factors. The energy-use only derived from efficiency-correlated factors will affect the practical building energy efficiency, which is the basis for building renovation. In this paper, this part of energy-use is defined as equivalent energy consumption of building energy efficiency. And this paper develops an equation of equivalent energy consumption of building energy efficiency by means of multiple regression analysis. With a sample of 33 office buildings ranged from 20,000 to 80,000 m2 in Shanghai, an equation of equivalent energy consumption of building energy efficiency is given. And the cumulative frequency curve of energy efficiency is also given for Shanghai. Key words：public building; energy efficiency; multiple regression analysis 所谓“建筑能效当量能耗”，即由“能效有关量”因素导致的建筑能耗。建筑能耗受到很多因素影响，诸如建筑设计、建筑热工、建筑设备等等。一般而言，处于极端气候条件的时间越多，建筑设备或人员等室内负荷密度越大、使用时间越长的建筑，其能耗总量越大，但建筑能源利用效率未必越低。换言之，这些因素与建筑能源利用效率的高低没有直接联系，因此将这些因素归为“能效无关量”；而建筑的管理水平、设备系统效率等因素不仅直接影响建筑能耗绝对值的大小，而且直接影响建筑能源利用效率的高低，因此可以归结为“能效有关量”。在建筑节能改造的过程中，首先必须对建筑能源利用效率进行评价，现有的“单位面积上建筑能耗”的概念仅仅反映建筑能耗绝对值的大小，而不能反映其能效的大小，不足以用于判断建筑是否需要进行节能改造；而且不同建筑之间存在功能、使用时间等方面的差异，仅仅用“单位面积上建筑能耗”的概念不足以对两幢建筑的用能效率进行对比评价；对于同一幢建筑，由于存在气象条件的变化，“单位面积上建筑能耗”的概念也不足以判断建筑在不同时间的能效变化。