写作部分命题的特点和规律.pptVIP

关于图表式作文的描述方法： 第一种情况：横向对比。描述这种图表需要对比各数据间的差别，主要以数值、倍数、排列等方式来描述。 常用句型： ①A department has the lowest sales figure in the three departments，followed by the B department and C department. ②The figure of A is about twice as much as that of B. ③The income from sales is 10 million，making the company the highest one in sales. ④The A’s income reaches 20 million，which is in the middle of the list. 第二种情况：纵向说明。只要指出不同单位之间的比较，描述如何增减，增减幅度如何，反映出什么问题，就可以了。描述这样的图表时，可用以下词汇和句型: ①The rise lasted for two weeks and then began to level off in June. ②The trend/increase slowed down in May. ③The trend of increasing working hours began to gain momentum in January. (开始走强) ④Prices went up by 50%， but the number of smokers maintained. ⑤It picked up speed at the end of this year. 常用词汇及表达法：increase，decrease，rise，fall，slow down，level off，pick up speed，maintain，drop，the trend reverses，decline，gain/lose momentum, a steady/ substantial（实质性的）increase，a minor/slight/dramatic drop。 第三种情况：纵向、横向均有的说明。这种图表不仅要注意同一事物的变化趋势，也要注意不同事物之间的差距及变化。 表示百分比常用句型： ①It accounts for 30% of the total population. ②There are 4 members with master’s degrees，making up nearly a quarter of the workforce. ③Doctors make up 40% of the staff in the hospital. 表示增长率的常用句型： ①The figure of income increased by about 200% as compared with ten years ago. ②The number of students has reached 200，indicating a rise of 4%，compared to last year. Example： The two bar charts indicate the annual emissions of CO2 per capita and populations of seven countries. Industrialized countries certainly contribute more to the CO2 levels in the atmosphere，with the US at the top —3.93 tons per capita per year. It is followed by Japan and the UK，with emissions of 3.32 tons and 2.15 tons respectively. Though these countries usually don’t have large populations，they consume disproportionately large quantities of natural resources and therefore are more blamed for global warming. Developing countries，on the other hand，usually have lower levels of emissi