方波发生器制作.doc

目 录 第一章 方波发生器制作 1.1 设计任务······················································2 1.2 设计方案·····················································2 1.3 系统分析与设计················································2 1.4 电路图、元器件清单、仪器仪表清单·····························3 1.5 系统安装、调试与参数测量······································4 1.6 实验体会···················································4第二章 不规则变速循环彩灯的制作 2.1 设计任务······················································5 2.2 总设计方案···················································5 2.3 系统设计与分析···············································5 2.4 电路图、元器件清单、仪器仪表清单·····························6 2.5 系统安装、调试与参数测量·····································7 2.6 实验体会·····················································8 第三章 声控延时灯的制作与调试 3.1 设计任务·····················································9 3.2 总设计方案···················································9 3.3 系统分析与设计···············································9 3.4 电路图、元器件清单、仪器仪表清单····························10 3.5 系统安装、调试与参数测量·····································11 3.6 实验体会·····················································11 参考文献··························································12 第1章 方波发生器制作 1.1 设计任务 设计一个简易的方波发生器。在给定合适电源状态下利用相关器件制作一电路使该电路能输出一定频率的方波。当输出端接示波器，可观察并计算出所产生的方波波形及频率。 1.2 设计方案 根据相关资料查找，可以运用74LS00及电容电阻设计一个方波发生电路。 电路工作原理为：74LS00为“四2输入与非门”，内部有四个两输入与非门。A、B为输入端，Y为输出端，其共用电源端为（14脚）接地端为GND（7脚）。 当给5脚输入高电平，空脚4输入低电平，经过74LS00输出高电平，对电容C1进行充电，示波器上显示信号在Y轴正半部分。电容C1充电结束后，C1继续放电，当放电结束后，C1处相当于断开。2脚接地，输出低电平。空脚1输入高电平，经过74LS00输出高电平，对电容C2进行充电，此时4脚输入高电平。空脚5也输入高电平，经74LS00后输出低电平，在示波器显示信号为Y轴负半部分。C2充电结束后断开，重复第一过程。从此反复产生稳定方波。 1.3系统分析与设计 图1-1.引脚图 图1-2.内部原理示意图 该引脚图表示CT74LS00为“四2输入与非门”，内部有四个两输入与非门。A、B为输入端，Y为输出端，其共用电源端为（14脚），接地端为GND（7脚）。 1.4电路图、元器件清单、仪器仪表清单 1.4.1电路图 图1.3 方波电路产生电路 1.4.2元器件清单 元器件清单如表1—1所示： 表1—1 元器件清单 元器件名称 个数 74LS00 1 电阻 2 电容 2 仪器仪表清单如1—2所示： 表1—2 仪器仪表清单 仪器仪表名称 个数 万用电路板 1 万用表 1 电烙铁 1 焊芯 1 电工钳 1 导线 若干 1