铜尾矿废弃地生物结皮中的真菌多样性.doc

稿件编号：stxb201507181512 不同植物群落下铜尾矿废弃地生物结皮中真菌群落结构的比较 李杨，刘梅，孙庆业( 安徽大学资源与环境工程学院，合肥 230601 摘要：分布于铜尾矿废弃地的裸地表面及维管植物群落中的生物土壤结皮在尾矿废弃地生态恢复过程中扮演重要角色。利用分子生物学技术探讨了不同生物土壤结皮中真菌的多样性及其群落结构的变化。结果表明：生物结皮中的真菌主要子囊菌门Ascomycota)、担子菌门Basidiomycota)和壶菌门(Chytridiomycota)，子囊菌门占绝对优势55.12%—87.73%，其次为担子菌门相对丰度为12.27%43.86%；不同样本真菌群落结构在门、纲、目以及属的水平存在显著差异； 关键词：生物土壤结皮; 真菌群落结构; 多样性; 铜尾矿 Comparing the fungal community structure in biological soil crusts obtained under different plant communities copper mine tailings Li Yang, Liu Mei, Sun Qingye* School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China Abstract: Biological soil crusts (BSCs) found on the surface of bare wasteland and beneath the tracheophyte communities in mine tailing ponds, play an important role in the processes that are involved in natural ecological restoration of copper mine tailings. Fungi are an important part of BSCs, and they adhere to the surface soil and other components stably through their fungal hypha. It is important to enhance the resilience of mine tailings against wind erosion, as well as improve their moisture holding capacity that can be beneficial for the plant colonization on loose mine tailings’ surfaces. However, the structure and diversity of microbial communities (especially fungal communities) of BSCs on the surface of mine tailings are poorly investigated. In this study, the changes in the fungal diversity and community structure of BSC samples at different successional stages, as well as tracheophyte species, were investigated using molecular biotechnologies. Moss-algal crusts beneath the Hippochaete ramosissimum (YM) had the lowest diversity index (including Shannon-Wiener index, Simpson index and Pielou index), among other significant differences of diversity and evenness that were observed in the fungal communities from the BSC samples and tracheophyte species. In addition, significant differences in basic soil chemical properties, such as loss-on-ignition, total nitrogen,