经济学原理对应练习 01.doc

1. The word that comes from the Greek word for one who manages a household is a. market. b. consumer. c. producer. d. economy. 2. The word “economy” comes from the Greek word oikonomos, which means a. “environment.” b. “production.” c. “one who manages a household.” d. “one who makes decisions.” 3. Resources are a. scarce for households but plentiful for economies. b. plentiful for households but scarce for economies. c. scarce for households and scarce for economies. d. plentiful for households and plentiful for economies. 4. Economics deals primarily with the concept of a. scarcity. b. poverty. c. change. d. power. 5. Which of the following questions is not answered by the decisions that every society must make? a. What determines consumer preferences? b. What goods will be produced? c. Who will produce the goods? d. Who will consume the goods? 6. The overriding reason as to why households and societies face many decisions is that a. resources are scarce. b. goods and services are not scarce. c. incomes fluctuate with business cycles. d. people, by nature, tend to disagree. 7. The phenomenon of scarcity stems from the fact that a. most economies’ production methods are not very good. b. in most economies, wealthy people consume disproportionate quantities of goods and services. c. governments restricts production of too many goods and services. d. resources are limited. 8. Approximately what percentage of the worlds economies experience scarcity? a. 25% b. 50% c. 75% d. 100% 9. When a society cannot produce all the goods and services people wish to have, it is said that the economy is experiencing a. scarcity. b. shortages. c. inefficiencies. d. inequities. 10. For society, a good is not scarce if a. at least one individual in society can obtain all he or she wants of the good. b. firms are producing the good at full capacity. c. all members of society can have all they want of the good. d. those who have enough income can buy all they want of the goo