美国历史之改革.pptx

Movement And Reformation of America;Ⅰ、Westward Expansion Chinese name:西进运动 Key words: Indian，development， Other name: Trail of Tears massacre(屠杀),west Place: America ; 1.Three frontiers(边界，边境） (1).the eastern seaboard (from the Atlantic Ocean to the Appalachian Mountains ) (the thirteen American states) (2).the west of the early United States (between the Appalachian Mountains and the Mississippi River) (reason: the Louisiana Purchase, the war of 1812,the subsequent removal of the Indians) (3).the Great West(Far West) (from the Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean) (subdivided into two sections);; 2.the Mexican war (A war broke out between the United States and Mexico from 1846 to 1848.) New disputes(争端) arose between Mexico and the United States. America claimed that Texas（德克萨斯州）, which belonged to the Spanish colony of Mexico, was included in the Louisiana Purchase while Mexico insisted that it was Mexico’s territory（领土）. Mexico lost more than half of the land after the war, and the United States paid to the Mexican government $15,000,000.;; 3.the Oregon(俄勒冈）territory, Alaska, and Hawaii 1)In 1846,a treaty about Oregon territory was signed by British and the United States . 2)In 1867,Alaska was purchased from Russia. 3)Hawaii was annexed by the United States as a territory in 1898.; 4.Significance 1)The New West didn’t have a great impact on political innovation in America (imitate模仿, lack) 2）The problems and hardships encouraged them to develop individualism and resourcefulness 3) It shows to the nation that all artificial(人造的） barriers(障碍物） to advancement must be removed and that all people must have an equal chance to make their way in the world . This formed the foundation of the American value system.; Ⅱ、The Industrial Revolution and Social Reforms 1.The Industrial Revolution began in Britian during the