肾病综合征英文.ppt

alterations of the GBM with subendothelial (type I) or intramembranous (type II) electron-dense deposits. Mesangial interposition may result in the appearance of a€?tram tracking.a€? * -Decreased plasma oncotic pressure appears to stimulate hepatic lipoprotein synthesis resulting in hypercholesterolemia. -Infection the main cause of death in children with nephrotic syndrome….Pneumococcal infections, especially peritonitis It is mainly due to loss of immunoglobulin and also due to use of immunosuppressive drugs -decreased levels of antithrombin III and proteins C and S….. Arterial and venous thrombosis particularly deep vein and renal vein thrombosis -iron deficiency anemia caused by hypotransferrinemia vitamin D deficiency because of loss of vitamin D–binding protein. . Anasarca cause respiratory distress (eg,) skin breakdown with an increased risk of cellulitis increases the risk of bacterial peritonitis with ascites * Treatment of nephrotic syndrome consists of treatment of the underlying disease, if present, as well as attempts to limit the progression of the renal disease. * -both thiazide and loop diuretics are highly protein bound, there is reduced delivery to the kidney. -high-protein intake only causes heavier proteinuria, which can have an adverse effect on renal function * Statin should not be used with cyclosporing? rabdomuolysis The clinician should maintain a * * * * * * * * * Thus, a new diagnosis of nephrotic syndrome warrants further investigation into a possible underlying systemic disease. * Thus, a new diagnosis of nephrotic syndrome warrants further investigation into a possible underlying systemic disease. * Thus, a new diagnosis of nephrotic syndrome warrants further investigation into a possible underlying systemic disease. * Thus, a new diagnosis of nephrotic syndrome warrants further investigation into a possible underlying systemic disease. * Thus, a new diagnosis of nephrotic syndrome warrants further investigation into a possib