航空发动机专业英语之飞机机体.ppt

1.7 Airfoil Cockpit 驾驶座，驾驶舱 Jet engine 喷气发动机 Thrust 推力 Wing 机翼 Horizontal stabilizer 水平安定面 Pitch 俯仰 Vertical stabilizer 垂直安定面 Yaw 偏航 Rudder 方向舵 Side-to-side 左右 Elevator 升降舵 Up-down 上下 Flaps 襟翼 Drag 阻力 Aileron 副翼 Roll 旋转 Spoiler 扰流片，扰流器 Slats 前缘缝翼 Payload 有效负载 representative　典型，有代表性 For any airplane to fly, you must lift the weight of the airplane itself, the fuel, the passengers, and the cargo. The wings generate most of the lift to hold the plane in the air. To generate lift, the airplane must be pushed through the air. The jet engines, which are located beneath the wings, provide the thrust to push the airplane forward through the air. The air resists the motion in the form of aerodynamic drag. Some airplanes use propellers for the propulsion system instead of jets. locate　设置，安排，固定 beneath　在下方，在…之下 motion　运动 To control and maneuver the aircraft, smaller wings are located at the tail of the plane. The tail usually has a fixed horizontal piece (called the horizontal stabilizer) and a fixed vertical piece (called the vertical stabilizer). The stabilizers’ job is to provide stability for the aircraft, to keep it flying straight. The vertical stabilizer keeps the nose of the plane from swinging from side to side, while the horizontal stabilizer prevents an up-and-down motion of the nose. (On the Wright brother’s first aircraft, the horizontal stabilizer was placed in front of the wings. Such a configuration is called a canard after the French word for “duck”).At the rear of the wings and stabilizers are small moving sections that are attached to the fixed sections by hinges. In the figure, these moving sections are colored brown. Changing the rear portion of a wing will change the amount of force that the wing produces. The ability to change forces gives us a means of controlling and maneuvering the airplane. The hinged part of the vertical stabilizer is called the rudder: it is used to deflect the tail to the left and right as viewed from t