火烧对洞庭湖土壤理化性质的影响-湖泊科学.doc

火烧对洞庭湖湿地荻和苔草群落土壤性质的影响 李亚芳1,2，陈心胜1，项文化2 ，谢永宏1,* （1.中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所，洞庭湖湿地生态系统观测研究站，长沙410125；2.中南林业科技大学生命科学与技术学院，长沙 410004） 摘要 火烧作为调控因子，对植物群落结构和生态系统功能具有重要影响，但在湖泊湿地中研究较少。通过野外调查取样与实验室分析，探讨了火烧对洞庭湖湿地主要群落类型—荻和苔草土壤化学性质的影响。结果表明：火烧后，苔草群落土壤硝态氮含量显著减少64.6%，有机质含量增加26.3%186.9%，有机质含量减少22.9%。火烧后，苔草群落的全氮、氨氮、全碳和全磷含量均显著增加（P0.05），分别为：75.4%、36.6%、102.7%、76.9%，P0.05）。可见，总体上火烧对荻群落土壤养分影响不大，可作为芦苇场的一种管理方式，但火烧促进了苔草群落土壤养分释放，有助于苔草群落提前萌芽和生长，并引起牲畜牧食增加。 关键词：火烧；湿地植物；土壤营养；干扰 The Effects of Burning Disturbances on the Soil Chemical properties of Miscanthus sacchariflorus (Poaceae) and Carex brevicuspis (Cyperaceae) Communities at Dongting Lake Wetlands LI Yafang1,2 ，CHEN Xinsheng1 ，XIANG Wenhua2，XIE Yonghong1,* Abstract: Fire, as an important regulator of the ecosystem, have significant impacts on plant community structure and ecosystem function, but few studies conducted in wetland ecosystems. In this paper, we investigated the impacts of fire on soil properties of the dominant community types—Miscanthus sacchariflorus and Carex brevicuspis at Dongting Lake wetlands through field survey and laboratory analyses. The results indicated that soil nitrate nitrogen content of Carex brevicuspis significantly reduced by 64.6% and organic matter content significantly increased by 26.3% after the burning, which were in contrast with that in Miscanthus sacchariflorus communities (P0.05), whose soil nitrate nitrogen contentsignificantly increased by 186.9% and organic matter content significantly reduced by 22.9% after the burning. After the burning, total nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and total carbon content of Carex brevicuspis community significantly increased by 75.4%、36.6%、102.7%、76.9% respectively, but there was no significant difference in Miscanthus sacchariflorus community. Generally,nreasonable fire is the most common reason for soil properties changes, the burning has little impacts on soil nutrients of Miscanthus sacchariflorus community at the Dongting Lake wetland, which suggested t