颈椎小关节切除对颈椎稳定性影响的实验研究.docVIP

　　颈椎小关节切除对颈椎稳定性影响的实验研究 【摘要】 比较正常颈椎标本和切除颈椎C5-6小关节标本的前屈、后伸、左侧弯、右侧弯、扭转等生物力学指标。确定小关节切除是否对颈椎稳定性造成影响。在日本岛津电子万能试验机上对正常和切除小关节的标本进行前屈、后伸、左侧弯、右侧弯实验，在扭转试验机上进行扭转实验。 以2 mm/min的实验速度分别对标本施加载荷，测量位移数据。以50 mm/min的实验速度对标本施加扭矩，测得标本的扭转角。得出正常对照组和小关C5-6节切除标本的各项力学性能指标。小关节切除25%对各项运动范围无显著变化，小关节切除50%、75%、100%对各项运动范围显著增大。双侧小关节全切除后运动范围显著增大，较其它各组间差异显著（P＜0.05）。小关节切除50%以上，尤其双侧小关节切除，打乱了颈椎的平衡关系，对颈椎的稳定性造成影响。 【关键词】 正常；小关节切除；颈椎；稳定性影响 Abstract：To pare the biomechnical indicators of extension, the left side bend, the right side bend, bend to the left, bend to the right, reversing of normal cervical samples and the samples oval of the cervical C5-6 facet joint flexion and determine oval of the small joints has an impact on the stability of the cervical spine.ent on normal and the small joint excision specimens on the Shimadzu electronic universal testing machine,and the reversing experiment on the machine for testing torsion. ens by the 2mm/min experiment speed, to survey displacement data. ens by the 50 mm/min experiment speed, to obtain the angle of torsion of the specimens. echanical properties of normal control group and small clearance section C5-6 resection specimens.The small joint excision 25%，each movement scope had no remarkable changes, the small joint excision 50%, 75%, 100%，each movement scope obviously increased.Bilateral joint range of motion increased significantly after all resection, and the differences betarkble(P＜0.05).It proves that facet joint removal of more than 50%, in particular, bilateral facet joint excision, upset the balance of the relationship,has an impact on cervical spondylosis stability. Key al; Small joints removed; Cervical vertebra; The stability influence 1 引 言 颈椎是由椎间盘、椎体、椎弓、椎板、上、下关节突及连接它的韧带构成的活动体，具有前屈、后伸、左侧弯、右侧弯和旋转的功能。外伤引起的颈椎脱臼、骨折及间盘脱出等病变都会造成颈椎不稳定，需实施手术进行治疗以恢复脊椎的稳定性。关于脊椎稳定性的研究，国内外学者进行了大量研究和报道［1-9］，但对颈椎小关节单独部分切除后的生物力学评价甚少。本研究对颈关节突关节分级切除后的稳定性进行研究。旨在探讨关节切除范围与颈椎失稳之间的关系，为临床提供实验数据。 2 材料与方法 2.1 材料 实验标本取自正常国人急性外伤致死的新鲜尸体颈椎标本8个，均为男性，年龄23～30岁，由白求恩医科大学解剖教研室提供。 　　 2.2 标本