自行车CA模型的元胞长度动态修正_邓建华.pdfVIP

第38 卷 第3 期 计 算 机 工 程 2012 年2 月 Vol.38 No.3 Computer Engineering February 2012 ·开发研究与设计技术· 文章编号：1000—3428(2012)03—0252—03 文献标识码：A 中图分类号：U491 自行车 模型的元胞长度动态修正 CA 邓建华 (苏州科技学院土木工程学院，江苏 苏州 215011) 摘 要：采用固定元胞单元尺寸建立自行车流元胞自动机(CA)模型会产生仿真偏差。为此，提出一种基于现场视频检测数据的元胞尺寸标 定方法。通过统计分析车头间距、横向间距与车速的关系，设计一个动态修正元胞长度的函数。对比修正前后模型演化获得的宏观三参数 值，可以发现，修正函数能较好地描述跟车距离与车速的动态关系，克服模型因采用定长度元胞单元而造成的面积密度与流率偏差。 关键词：自行车流；宏观特性；元胞自动机；K-means 聚类；元胞尺寸标定；动态修正函数 Cellular Length Dynamical Amending of Bicycle CA Model DENG Jian-hua (College of Civil Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215011, China) 【Abstract 】Aiming at correcting the deviation by simulating a bicycle Cellular Automata(CA) model with fix cellular size, a calibration process of the cellular size based on field video detecting data is elaborated here. And by analyzing the relationship of headspace, horizontal space with speed, it puts forward a function of dynamical amending cellular length. Through the comparison of the three macro parameters obtained from the model by corrected or not, it shows that this method can effectively express the relationship following distance with speed, overcome the inappropriate area density and flow rates value with the fixed cellular length. 【Key words 】bicycle flow; macroscopic property; Cellular Automata(CA); K-means clustering; cellular size calibration; dynamical amending function DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-3428.2012.03.083 1 概述 因自行车速度比较慢，在满足精度要求情况下把 1 s 的视频 元胞自动机理论对描述非线性复杂系统具有算法实现简 转换成5 帧(0.2 s/帧) ；其次还要将图片上自行车特征像素点 单、并行运算快速等特点。虽然对车流某些