茶叶科学技术.PDF

茶叶学报 56 （4）：198～205，2015 Acta Tea Sinica 铁观音茶水浸出物组成模式及溶出规律的核磁共振波谱分析 1 1 1 2 1* 刘晓莎 ，董继扬 ，孟维君 ，吴志丹 ，许晶晶 （1.厦门大学电子科学系/福建省等离子体与磁共振研究重点实验室，福建 厦门 361005; 2.福建省农业科学院茶叶研究所，福建 福安 355015 ） 摘要：利用核磁共振波谱技术检测铁观音茶汤的水浸出物，研究水浸出物随冲泡次数的变化规律，并结合多变量统计方 法，研究浓香型和清香型铁观音茶叶的水浸出物在组成模式上的差异。实验结果表明：茶汤中水浸出物的浸出量随冲泡 次数快速下降，大部分水浸出物在第5 道茶汤中的浸出量已不足 10%；不同道茶汤中水浸出物的组成模式存在明显差异， 从而导致各道茶汤在口感上的迥异；此外，浓香型和清香型茶汤中水浸出物的组成模式也存在显著差异：与清香型茶汤 相比，浓香型茶汤中的表儿茶素、蔗糖等物质的相对含量较高，而茶氨酸、异亮氨酸、表儿茶素没食子酸酯、奎尼酸、 表没食子儿茶素、表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯等物质的相对含量较低。 关键词：铁观音茶；水浸出物；核磁共振波谱；多变量统计分析 中图分类号：S571.1 文献标志码：A 1H NMR Spectroscopy on Composition of Water Extract from Tie-guanyin Teas 1 1 1 2 1* LIU Xiao-sha ，DONG Ji-yang ，MENG Wei-jun ，WU Zhi-dan ，XU Jing-jing （1.Department of Electronic Science, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China; 2.Tea Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fu ’an,Fujian 355015, China ） Abstract: Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was applied to obtain metabolic fingerprints of the water extracts of Tie guanyin teas. By using the multivariate statistical analysis on the data obtained on the extracts from consecutive steeping, the compositional differences between the lightly and strongly fragrant varieties of the tea were compared. Overall, the concentrations of the elements in the extracts decreased with increasing number of steeping. On the 5th tea brewing, the concentrations became less than 10% of the initial amount, which invariably changed the sensory quality of the tea. There were significant differences in the chemical make ups between the lightly and strongly fragrant varieties of the tea. The strongly fragrant