人体2erfegf（The human body 2 erfegf）.docVIP

人体2erfegf（The human body 2 erfegf） The cell membrane has the function of barrier function, material transport function, the transmembrane information transfer function, and the excitation function of the membrane. The molecular structure of cell membrane and its composition The membrane is made up of lipid and protein, and a very small amount of sugar. On the molecular structure of the cell membrane, has been accepted hypothesis is Singer and Nicholson in 1972 liquid Mosaic model (fluid Mosaic model), i.e., according to the liquid lipid bilayer as the base frame, which decorated with many with different structure and function of protein. Lipid bilayer: the liquid lipid bilayer is the base, which has stability and fluidity. The barrier ACTS to keep the content of the cells relatively stable. Cell membrane protein: inlaying or penetrating into the lipid bilayer. Various functions, such as membrane channel protein, carrier protein, enzyme, inside and outside the cell, energy, information exchange. Cell membrane saccharide: polysaccharide chain, in the form of covalent bond with membrane lipid or protein, form glycolipid or glycoprotein. Some as antigen-determining group = immune information (blood type); Some of them are recognizable parts of the membrane receptor, which can be combined with excitability. Ii. Transmembrane material transport of cells Permeability: the degree to which matter passes through the membrane. Transmembrane transshipment: the processes of ions, small molecule substances, macromolecular proteins and other substances, such as droplets, mass, solid substances, etc. It is divided into simple diffusion, mosin mediated transmembrane transport, and cytoplasm. (1) simple diffusion Concept: a process by which the lipid soluble substance is moved from one side of the membrane to the lower one. Transshipment matter: O2, CO2, NH3, N2, urea, ethyl ether, ethanol, steroid hormone, etc., and water because its molecules are very small, but also free through t